Chromium and Nickel

Distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in tailings, soils, and plants around Gol-E-Gohar iron mine, a case study in Iran

“…Nickel is generally distributed with other elements, such as Co and Fe (Uren 1992). The ionic properties of Ni allow it to substitute for several alkaline and metallic cations, such as Mg, Al, Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Mn(III), and Cu, in primary minerals such as magnetite and biotite (Moore and Reynolds 1997; Gonnelli and Renella 2013). Some Fe-bearing phases like magnetite, hematite, and epidote generally contains minor amounts of V, Co, As, and Ni (Barton 2013).…”

Using isotopic dilution to assess chemical extraction of labile Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in soils

“…E Value expressed as a percentage of M Total , in the soils contaminated by road traffic, urban waste and mine spoil, was found to increase in the order Ni < Zn ≈ Cu < Pb < Cd (Figures 1a, b and c); when averaged across these three soils %E Value was 8 %, 19 %, 21 %, 34 % and 51 %, respectively. In contrast, in the soil contaminated by sewage sludge (Figure 1d), Ni was the most labile metal (%E Value = 42), possibly because of the large humus content derived from sewage sludge addition; available Ni exists mainly in organically-bound forms (Gonnelli & Renella, 2013). Lead was the least labile metal in this soil (%E Value = 18), probably resulting from the high phosphate content of the soil and the consequent presence of Pb in the form of insoluble Pb-phosphates (Atkinson et al, 2011).…”

Metal partitioning and availability in estuarine surface sediments: Changes promoted by feeding activity of Scrobicularia plana and Liza ramada

“…Liza ramada's gut pH has not been described so far, but given its feeding ecology it is expected to be predominantly acidic. In such case, the acidic environment may cause the destruction of carbonates, similarly to that described for S. plana, and also increase Ni solubility (Gonnelli and Renella, 2013). The fact that a correspondent increase in Ni associated with the pellets exchangeable fraction was not observed is likely a consequence of increased assimilation of Ni bound to the sediment labile fractions (Baumann and Fisher, 2011).…”

“…It was not possible to assess the organic matter content in the pellets, and for that reason the incorporation of organic matter by the animals could not be quantified. Nonetheless, Ni is known to have high affinity with organic matter and low molecular weight organic ligands (LMWOL) (Gonnelli and Renella, 2013). It is likely that metals associated with the OM/S phase of the sediment were bound to more refractory organic compounds, which would decrease the assimilation efficiency (AE) of those metals.…”