Chromium oxide coatings applied to magnetic tape heads for improved wear resistance

Sourty, E.; Sullivan, J. L.; Bijker, M.D.

doi:10.1016/s0301-679x(02)00214-1

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This work presents an introduction of PSE-CVD as a facileand promising method to prepare Cr 2 O 3 thin films from Cr(acac) 3 . The as-prepared samples were comprehensively characterized by XRD, SEM and XPS with respect to phase, morphology and surface composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 and Table 1, respectively. Chromic acetylacetonate, Cr(acac) 3 , was dissolved in ethanol solution with a concentration of 2.5 mM. The PSE delivery of the feedstock was achieved using a four-pinholes injector with a frequency of 4 Hz and an opening time of 1.5 ms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower temperature tends to generate relatively low growth rate, which may result from lower amounts of oxygen and precursor adsorbing or residing on the substrate. With the increase of the temperature, more amounts of Cr(acac) 3 and O 2 could be absorbed on the surface, which can accelerate the nucleation step and result in a high growth rate. Moreover, it is much easier for the decomposition products of Cr(acac) 3 to be oxidized at higher temperature.…”

Section: Contributedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the increase of the temperature, more amounts of Cr(acac) 3 and O 2 could be absorbed on the surface, which can accelerate the nucleation step and result in a high growth rate. Moreover, it is much easier for the decomposition products of Cr(acac) 3 to be oxidized at higher temperature. The phases of the obtained films within the deposition temperature range 300−450 °C were analyzed by XRD.…”

Section: Contributedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide films

Liang

Pan

Song

et al. 2015

Phys. Status Solidi C

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Chromiumoxide (Cr2O3) thin films were controllably synthesized by pulsed‐spray evaporation chemical vapor deposition (PSE‐CVD) for deep oxidation of propene. The effect of substrate temperature on the growth kinetics and morphology of the films was investigated. The prepared samples were comprehensively characterized with respect to structure, morphology and surface composition with XRD, SEM and XPS, respectively. An in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was involved to reveal the surface mechanism occurred on Cr2O3. The growth rate exhibited a linear behavior when the temperature increase from 300 to 450 °C. The structural analysis indicated that a pure phase of Cr2O3 was obtained at 425 °C. The catalytic tests showed that Cr2O3 films prepared on flexible substrates exhibited advantages for the catalytic oxidation of C3H6. Based on the DRIFTS observations, the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood (L‐H) mechanism was proposed for C3H6 over Cr2O3 films. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contributedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contributedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide films

Liang

Pan

Song

et al. 2015

Phys. Status Solidi C

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“…Cr 2 O 3 nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in many areas, such as hydrogen storage, 1),2) gas sensors, 3) wear and corrosion resistant materials, 4)6) catalysts, 7) digital recording, 8),9) magnetic materials, 10) pigments to reflect infrared radiation from fire 11) and solar energy. 12) To date, several techniques have been developed to synthesize Cr 2 O 3 NPs, including thermal decomposition, 13), 14) solgel, 15), 16) hydrothermal, 17), 18) combustion method, 19) citrate gel method, 20) precipitation process 21) and mechanochemical processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles via surfactants-modified precipitation method and their catalytic effect on nitridation of silicon powders

Zhao

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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Cr 2 O 3 nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully prepared by a facile surfactant-modified precipitation method, and their phase composition and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of various processing parameters including surfactants type and amount, pH value and firing temperature on the synthesis of Cr 2 O 3 NPs were investigated. Highly dispersed Cr 2 O 3 NPs with an average crystalline size of 17 nm were obtained under the following optimal conditions: [Cr(NO 3 ) 3 ·9H 2 O] = 0.0316 mol/L, PEG/Cr 2 O 3 = 5 wt %, pH = 5.2, calcination temperature = 500°C and holding time = 2 h. Cr 2 O 3 NPs showed a significant accelerating effect on the nitridation of Si powder, the conversion rate of Si to Si 3 N 4 after 2 h at 1300°C reached 100 wt % upon using 3 wt % Cr 2 O 3 NPs as catalysts, but only 40 wt % in the case without using any catalysts.

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Interfacial Microstructure of Chromium Oxide Coatings

et al. 2007

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Chromium oxide coatings are chemically inert, have high mechanical strength, hardness and good optical characteristics; therefore, they have been widely used in many applications including corrosion protection, [1] wear resistance, [2] electronics, [3] and optics. [4] Cr 2 O 3 is well suited for wear resistance applications, as it is one of the hardest oxides with 29.5 GPa hardness. [5] Several deposition techniques have been tried for making these coatings. Cr 2 O 3 coating hardness can vary substantially due to compositional and microstructural variations, depending on the deposition method. Hardness of a plasma-sprayed Cr 2 O 3 coating, 50 lm thick was about 14.7 GPa, while a 200 nm thick RF-sputtered chromium oxide coating, stoichiometrically close to Cr 2 O 3 , exhibited 30 GPa hardness combined with good scratch resistance. [6] Even for the bulk Cr 2 O 3 , hardness values reported were from 9 GPa to 29.5 GPa. [5,7,8] Hones et al. investigated a correlation between the hardness and the sputtering deposition parameters, [2] i.e. oxygen partial pressure and substrate temperature, and found favorable deposition conditions with an oxygen partial pressure of about 15-20 % of the total sputtering gas pressure at substrate temperatures exceeding 500 K.Good coating adhesion is required for wear and corrosion resistance applications. Premature failure can occur for many reasons including coating delamination, cracking and plastic deformation. In addition to this, thin ceramic PVD coatings usually have columnar grain structure with micro cracks, pinholes, transient grain boundaries and often high throughcoating porosity, which all lead to accelerated pitting corrosion and failure at the coating/substrate interface, especially in hostile environments. [9][10][11][12] On the other hand, several studies showed that coating thickness plays an important role in enhancing both PVD-coated tool cutting performance and resistance to abrasive and erosive wear. [13] Graded systems have been employed to obtain thicker coatings without losing performance in terms of coating adhesion and toughness. [14] It is likely that thicker coatings will improve corrosion resistance in aqueous environments by eliminating through-thickness pin-hole defects.Coating mechanical, adhesion and wear properties are strongly affected by microstructure. Interfaces with high adhesion are known to ensure prolonged coating life and good wear resistance. [15] Sputtered coating microstructure and physical characteristics depend on the deposition parameters. [15][16][17] Also, substrate surface conditions prior to deposition, characterized by surface roughness, stress and oxidation state, play an important role in controlling coating properties. [16,17] In this paper SEM and TEM techniques were used to characterize thicker chromium oxide coating interfacial microstructure as a step towards developing a unique method for depositing thicker coatings with small grains, smooth surface and low residual stress. ExperimentalChromium oxide coatings were deposited on ...

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Chromium oxide coatings applied to magnetic tape heads for improved wear resistance

Cited by 51 publications

References 16 publications

CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide films

CVD synthesis and catalytic combustion application of chromium oxide films

Preparation of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles via surfactants-modified precipitation method and their catalytic effect on nitridation of silicon powders

Interfacial Microstructure of Chromium Oxide Coatings

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