Chromoblastomycosis: clinical presentation and management

Ameen, Mahreen

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03415.x

Cited by 102 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The management of chromoblastomycosis is complicated and requires long-term antifungal therapy, surgery, thermotherapy, chemotherapy, or combinations of these (26,148,165). Given extensive clinical experience, ITC and terbinafine (TRB), alone or in combination, are the currently recommended treatments for chromoblastomycosis (166).…”

Section: Recommended Diagnostics and Treatment Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The host defense against chronic forms of disease in experimental black yeast models of infection has been shown to rely mainly on the ingestion and elimination of fungal cells by cells of the innate immune system, especially neutrophils and macrophages. However, there is also increasing evidence supporting a role of T-cell-mediated immune responses, with increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and low levels of gamma interferon (IFN-␥) being deleterious during the infection (26,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black Yeasts and Their Filamentous Relatives: Principles of Pathogenesis and Host Defense

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Among the melanized fungi, the so-called “black yeasts” and their filamentous relatives are particularly significant as agents of severe phaeohyphomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, and mycetoma in humans and animals. The pathogenicity and virulence of these fungi may differ significantly between closely related species. The factors which probably are of significance for pathogenicity include the presence of melanin and carotene, formation of thick cell walls and meristematic growth, presence of yeast-like phases, thermo- and perhaps also osmotolerance, adhesion, hydrophobicity, assimilation of aromatic hydrocarbons, and production of siderophores. Host defense has been shown to rely mainly on the ingestion and elimination of fungal cells by cells of the innate immune system, especially neutrophils and macrophages. However, there is increasing evidence supporting a role of T-cell-mediated immune responses, with increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and low levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) being deleterious during the infection. There are no standardized therapies for treatment. It is therefore important to obtain in vitro susceptibilities of individual patients' fungal isolates in order to provide useful information for selection of appropriate treatment protocols. This article discusses the pathogenesis and host defense factors for these fungi and their severity, chronicity, and subsequent impact on treatment and prevention of diseases in human or animal hosts.

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Section: Recommended Diagnostics and Treatment Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Yeasts and Their Filamentous Relatives: Principles of Pathogenesis and Host Defense

et al. 2014

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“…Surgery, cryotherapy and thermotherapy are also advised in combination with chemotherapy. (9) Potassium iodide can also be given for treatment. (10) Good hygiene and adequate nutrition may help the individual abort a potential infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromoblastomycosis: A Case Report From Bihar, India

Sen¹,

Chakraborty²,

Ray³

et al. 2016

jemds

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We report a case of chromoblastomycosis in a 42-year-old male, an army personnel by profession. The patient presented with an itchy nodular lesion (3.5 x 3 cm) that gradually increased in size over a period of 10 months. Scratching the lesion produced oozing of little fluid. Sclerotic bodies were detected both in KOH mount and histopathological examination. The latter also showed presence of microabscess and irregular epithelial margin. Fonsecaea pedrosoi (Cladosporium type) was isolated by culture as final confirmation.

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“…Although not as common, cases have been reported in Australia hence awareness of the condition is important [6]. Cladophialophora carrionii is often the causative fungi in Australia as the organism is found in arid and semiarid areas [2].…”

Section: Surgical Excisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study: Chromoblastomycosis

Bobba¹

2014

J Trop Dis

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Chromoblastomycosis: clinical presentation and management

Cited by 102 publications

References 31 publications

Black Yeasts and Their Filamentous Relatives: Principles of Pathogenesis and Host Defense

Black Yeasts and Their Filamentous Relatives: Principles of Pathogenesis and Host Defense

Chromoblastomycosis: A Case Report From Bihar, India

Case Study: Chromoblastomycosis

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