Chromogranin A gene expression in non-small cell lung carcinomas

Abbona, Giancarlo; Papotti, Mauro; Viberti, L; Macrì, Luigia; Stella, A. M. Giuffrida; Bussolati, Gianni

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(1998100)186:2<151::aid-path154>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In fact, the recognition of a NE phenotype is possible with immuno-histochemistry only, in the absence of light microscopical features of the NE origin. NE features may be recognised in all lung carcinoma types, most frequently in adenocarcinomas but also in squamous and large cell carcinomas or in sarcomatoid carcinomas/ blastomas [1,6,10,47]. The percentage of NE cells may range from 3 to 25%, either as single cells scattered among non-NE glandular or squamous neoplastic cells, or more rarely as small clusters of neoplastic cells admixed within the non-NE component.…”

Section: Ne Differentiation In Nsclcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-endocrine tumours of the lung. A review of relevant pathological and molecular data

et al. 2007

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Neuroendocrine (NE) tumours of the lung include pure and mixed forms. In the former group, a continuum of lesions is recognised ranging from benign typical carcinoids to atypical carcinoids (having a low-grade behaviour, although often associated with regional and distant metastases), to the highly aggressive poorly differentiated carcinomas of the small and large cell types. In the mixed tumour group, the NE component is extensively represented in association with any of the non-small cell carcinoma subtypes (so-called combined carcinomas), or the NE component is restricted to a cell population scattered among adenocarcinoma cells (or more rarely within squamous or large cell carcinomas). The molecular profile of NE tumours has been widely investigated to identify features helpful for the diagnosis, prognosis and even therapy for this special lung tumour category. Specific chromosomal alterations, oncogene mutations and cell cycle molecule disregulation has been documented in NE tumours of the lung, as well as the expression of specific receptors or enzymes implicated in the response to biotherapies or to chemotherapeutic agents. The "molecular classification" of NE tumours should be integrated to morphology, for a better definition of the different histological types and a more appropriate selection of the therapeutic strategy.

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Section: Ne Differentiation In Nsclcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-endocrine tumours of the lung. A review of relevant pathological and molecular data

et al. 2007

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“…This lack of standardization created several controversies in both fields of tumour recognition and treatment of these lesions. In addition, especially in pulmonary and gastroenteropancreatic sites, a relatively wide spectrum (and possibly a continuum) of NE-differentiated tumours does exist including tumours with wellrepresented (>30% of tumour area) NE cell component and tumours with scattered NE cells only [1,32,40,42,43,49].…”

Section: Mixed Exocrine-endocrine Carcinomas (Ne or Non-ne Cells >30%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In non-small-cell lung carcinoma, NE differentiation has been reported in up to 36% of cases, depending on the method used to identify NE cells [1,29], although controversial significant impact on prognosis was reported [29,46]. Focal NE differentiation is not mentioned in the WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system [25], although there are reports in the literature on the occurrence of NE differentiation in esophageal [26], gastric [42], colorectal [2,4,19,22,23,30,43] and extrahepatic duct carcinomas [28].…”

Section: Non-ne Carcinomas With Focal Ne Component (<30%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The grey zone between pure (neuro)endocrine and non-(neuro)endocrine tumours: a comment on concepts and classification of mixed exocrine–endocrine neoplasms

2006

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Terms such as "mixed endocrine-exocrine carcinoma" (MEEC) and "adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation" (ADC-NE) identify tumours belonging to the spectrum of neoplasms with divergent exocrine and (neuro)endocrine differentiation. These tumours display variable quantitative extent of the two components, potentially ranging from 1 to 99%, and variable structural patterns, ranging from single scattered NE cells to a well-defined NE tumour cell population organized in organoid, trabecular or solid growth patterns. In the present report, the grey zone of tumours/carcinomas with mixed NE and non-NE features is explored for various organs. From a practical point of view, MEECs differ from carcinomas with focal NE differentiation by (1) the extension of each component (more than 30%) and (2) the structural pattern of the NE component, either organoid for well-differentiated or solid/diffuse for poorly differentiated cases. In MEECs, the most aggressive cell population drives the clinical behaviour. Conversely, ADC-NE generally do not show a different clinical outcome, compared to the corresponding conventional forms, except for prostatic adenocarcinoma, in which NE cells are a negative prognostic factor. The recognition of MEECs may be of relevance for a targeted therapeutic strategy, foreseeing the use of biotherapies similar to those proposed for pure NE tumours.

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“…It is worth noticing that focal neuroendocrine differentiation in nonneuroendocrine tumors has been described in a variety of different locations (breast, prostate, lung, colon, stomach, and so on) with a frequency which is greatly related to the method (and corresponding sensitivity) employed to detect the neuroendocrine counterpart. In nonsmall cell lung carcinoma, neuroendocrine differentiation has been reported in up to 36% of cases, depending on the method used to identify neuroendocrine cells [1,28]. Focal neuroendocrine differentiation, although not mentioned in the WHO classification of tumors of the digestive system [23], has been reported in esophageal [24], gastric [51], colorectal [3,5,13,21,22,30,53], and extrahepatic duct carcinomas [27].…”

Section: Pathological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goblet cell carcinoids and other mixed neuroendocrine/nonneuroendocrine neoplasms

et al. 2007

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Within the spectrum of neuroendocrine tumors arising in different organs, intermediate and controversial entities exist displaying a coexistence of neuroendocrine and nonneuroendocrine cell populations, and that are grouped under terms such as "goblet cell carcinoid", "mixed endocrine-exocrine carcinoma", "combined carcinomas", or "adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation". These tumors may display variable amounts of the two components, potentially ranging from 1 to 99%, and variable structural patterns, ranging from single scattered neuroendocrine cells to a well-defined neuroendocrine tumor cell component organized in typical organoid, trabecular, or solid growth patterns. Although variably included in the site-specific World Health Organization classification schemes, clear definitions and diagnostic features are still missing, as well as a definite knowledge of their biological properties and histogenesis. In the present report, the main characteristics of tumors showing mixed neuroendocrine and nonneuroendocrine features will be described, using morphological patterns and site of origin as schematic guidelines. Moreover, molecular and clinical aspects, which might help to understand their possible histogenesis and biological behavior, will be reviewed.

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Chromogranin A gene expression in non-small cell lung carcinomas

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Neuro-endocrine tumours of the lung. A review of relevant pathological and molecular data

Neuro-endocrine tumours of the lung. A review of relevant pathological and molecular data

The grey zone between pure (neuro)endocrine and non-(neuro)endocrine tumours: a comment on concepts and classification of mixed exocrine–endocrine neoplasms

Goblet cell carcinoids and other mixed neuroendocrine/nonneuroendocrine neoplasms

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