Chromosomal Evolution in a Rhesus Cell Line

Abstract

Chromosomal evolution was examined in a long-term cell culture derived from Macaca mulatta eye tissue. In addition to the ‘marked’ chromosome that characterizes the rhesus karyotype, other chromosomes that may have originated from it by inversions and translocations were identified at each subculture sampled. Our observations do not warrant the conclusion that all the achromatically distinguished chromosomes observed were ‘marked’ rather than ‘marker’ chromosomes; some, however, resembled the ‘marked’ chromosomes found in Aotus and Cercopithecus.

A note on the karyotypes and chromosome associations of the Hylobatidae, with special reference to Hylobates (Nomascus) concolor

“…Often large differences are found in the length of the secondary constriction in different animals and even of both homologues in one metaphase spread (see Plate 1, a), and in at least one case (de Boer, 197 1) the occurrence of a duplication in the secondary constriction region seemed very likely. Moreover, in long term tissue cultures the marked chromosomes seem to be more susceptible to changes (pericentric inversion, translocation) than the other chromosomes (Egozcue, 1971;Paztor & Hu, 1973). Phylogenetically seen, the marked chromosomes also seem to be subject to many changes.…”

Normal Uveal Melanocytes in Culture

“…Their DOPA reactivity and the size and shape of melanosomes also change to resemble those of choroidal melanocytes. These in vitro changes further suggest that, in utero, iridial melanocytes develop and migrate to become choroidal melanocytes (Endo and Hu, 1973;Hu and Montagna, 1971;Hu et al, 1973). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by Animal Resources Branch grant RR-00163 from the Division of Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, by NIH grant No.…”

“…Sometimes, theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine, Sigma), a t concentrations of 1.5, 1.0, or 0.5 mM, was added to the regular medium with or without additional TPA and CT; at other times, isobutylmethylxanthine (Sigma), a t a concentration of M, was added instead of theophylline in medium with or without TPA and CT. Sometimes spermine (Sigma), a t a concentration of 6 pglml, was also used to reduce fibroblast contamination (Webber and Chaproniere-Rickenberg, Feeder Cell Layer A permanent endothelial cell line (designated RF/GA) derived from the choroid-retina of a rhesus fetus was used as the principal cell for the feeder layer (Lou and Hu, 1987;Pasztor and Hu, 1973). Occasionally, other cells, such as freshly isolated stromal cells from fetal eyes or freshly isolated skin fibroblasts from fetal or newborn macaques (mostly a few subcultures from primaries), were also used.…”

“…They beevident. They were then given fresh medium at night, came thicker and shorter as the animals grew and evenwhich was replaced the next day with fresh medium tually resembled the ovoid or ellipsoid brown-black containing 0.5 pCi tritiated thymidinelm1 (thymi-granules characteristic of choroidal melanocytes as well dine[meth~l-~H] with a specific activity of 6.7 Cdmmol; as of pigmented epithelial cells of the iris and ciliary New England Nuclear, Boston, MA) and incubated for bodv (Hu et al. 1973).…”

Effects of dicarboxylic acids on normal and malignant melanocytes in culture

“…Another permanent cell line, which was normal and non-melanocytic (non-melanotic and non-melanogenic), was included for comparison. This was derived from the choroid of a 60day-old normal rhesus foetus (Pasztor & Hu, 1973).…”