Chromosomal Evolution of Gibbons (Hylobatidae)

Müller, Stefan; Wienberg, Johannes

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54011-3_14

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In particular, we took into consideration the Hylobatidae ancestral karyotype proposed by Misceo et al (2008) and the FISH data already published on other gibbon species (Muller et al 2003;Roberto et al 2007;Misceo et al 2008;Girirajan et al 2009). …”

Section: Fish Experiments In Hoolock and Symphalangusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previously available synteny arrangements in HLE and SSY were based on chromosome painting (Koehler et al 1995a,b;Nie et al 2001;Muller et al 2003). It is generally appreciated that BAC-FISH has a considerably higher resolution than chromosome painting.…”

Section: Novel Chromosomal Rearrangements In Hoolock and Symphalangusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One reason is that the full extent of their chromosomal changes is not yet well-documented, even at the molecular cytogenetic level. Because the rearrangements are so complex, chromosome painting, the mostly widely applied molecular cytogenetic technique (Muller et al 2003), did not allow final conclusions about the number of rearrangements and about the steps that led to the four existing karyomorphs that typify each genus of small apes: Hoolock (2n = 38), Hylobates (2n = 44), Symphalangus (2n = 50), and Nomascus (2n = 52). Molecular cytogenetic techniques now allow a significantly higher resolution than chromosome painting through the use of hybridization of precisely mapped BAC clones, microarrays, and selective sequencing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of chromosome rearrangements in gibbons

Capozzi

Carbone²,

Stanyon

et al. 2012

Genome Res.

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Chromosome rearrangements in small apes are up to 20 times more frequent than in most mammals. Because of their complexity, the full extent of chromosome evolution in these hominoids is not yet fully documented. However, previous work with array painting, BAC-FISH, and selective sequencing in two of the four karyomorphs has shown that highresolution methods can precisely define chromosome breakpoints and map the complex flow of evolutionary chromosome rearrangements. Here we use these tools to precisely define the rearrangements that have occurred in the remaining two karyomorphs, genera Symphalangus (2n = 50) and Hoolock (2n = 38). This research provides the most comprehensive insight into the evolutionary origins of chromosome rearrangements involved in transforming small apes genome. Bioinformatics analyses of the human-gibbon synteny breakpoints revealed association with transposable elements and segmental duplications, providing some insight into the mechanisms that might have promoted rearrangements in small apes. In the near future, the comparison of gibbon genome sequences will provide novel insights to test hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of chromosome evolution. The precise definition of synteny block boundaries and orientation, chromosomal fusions, and centromere repositioning events presented here will facilitate genome sequence assembly for these close relatives of humans.

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Section: Fish Experiments In Hoolock and Symphalangusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Novel Chromosomal Rearrangements In Hoolock and Symphalangusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of chromosome rearrangements in gibbons

Capozzi

Carbone²,

Stanyon

et al. 2012

Genome Res.

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“…Primarily on the basis of their karyotypes, gibbons are now divided into four major genera, with Nomascus, Symphalangus, Hylobates, and Hoolock each possessing 52, 50, 44, and 38 diploid chromosomes, respectively. While many genetic studies have been performed, including a number based on karyotypes (Müller et al 2003), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (Hayashi et al 1995;Takacs et al 2005;Monda et al 2007;Whittaker et al 2007;Matsudaira and Ishida 2010;Van Ngoc et al 2010), Y chromosomes (Chan et al 2012), Arthrobacter luteus (ALU) repeats (Meyer et al 2012), and short stretches of autosomal sequence Wall et al 2013), the phylogenetic relationships among the four gibbon genera remain unresolved, with at least seven different topologies being supported by different data. A recent study examined 1.5 Mb of orthologous autosomal sequence generated by second-generation sequencing from one individual representing each of the four genera .…”

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confidence: 99%

Examining Phylogenetic Relationships Among Gibbon Genera Using Whole Genome Sequence Data Using an Approximate Bayesian Computation Approach

et al. 2015

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Gibbons are believed to have diverged from the larger great apes 16.8 MYA and today reside in the rainforests of Southeast Asia. Based on their diploid chromosome number, the family Hylobatidae is divided into four genera, Nomascus, Symphalangus, Hoolock, and Hylobates. Genetic studies attempting to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among gibbons using karyotypes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the Y chromosome, and short autosomal sequences have been inconclusive . To examine the relationships among gibbon genera in more depth, we performed second-generation whole genome sequencing (WGS) to a mean of 153 coverage in two individuals from each genus. We developed a coalescent-based approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) method incorporating a model of sequencing error generated by high coverage exome validation to infer the branching order, divergence times, and effective population sizes of gibbon taxa. Although Hoolock and Symphalangus are likely sister taxa, we could not confidently resolve a single bifurcating tree despite the large amount of data analyzed. Instead, our results support the hypothesis that all four gibbon genera diverged at approximately the same time. Assuming an autosomal mutation rate of 1 3 10 29 /site/year this speciation process occurred 5 MYA during a period in the Early Pliocene characterized by climatic shifts and fragmentation of the Sunda shelf forests. Whole genome sequencing of additional individuals will be vital for inferring the extent of gene flow among species after the separation of the gibbon genera.KEYWORDS approximate Bayesian computation; gibbon species; rapid radiation; whole genome sequences T HE family Hylobatidae, commonly known as gibbons, is believed to have diverged from the larger great apes 16.8 MYA . Sometimes known as small apes, gibbons demonstrate substantial morphological differentiation from the great apes; their much smaller bodies are highly adapted to an arboreal mode of locomotion in the rainforests of Southeast Asia. They also demonstrate very little sexual dimorphism that may, in part, be related to their generally monogamous mating patterns (Fuentes 2000) (although some gibbon species develop differences in coat color at sexual maturity).Each species demonstrates distinct "call" and "song" types (Geissmann 2002); however, attempts to classify gibbon species and genera based solely on morphological features have been problematic (Mootnick 2006). Primarily on the basis of their karyotypes, gibbons are now divided into four major genera, with Nomascus, Symphalangus, Hylobates, and Hoolock each possessing 52, 50, 44, and 38 diploid chromosomes, respectively. While many genetic studies have been performed, including a number based on karyotypes (Müller et al. 2003), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (Hayashi et al. 1995;Takacs et al. 2005;Monda et al. 2007;Whittaker et al. 2007;Matsudaira and Ishida 2010;Van Ngoc et al. 2010), Y chromosomes (Chan et al. 2012), Arthrobacter luteus (ALU) repeats (Meyer et al. 2012), and short stretches of autosomal seq...

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“…A number of molecular studies have been performed, including karyotypes (Müller et al, 2003), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (Hayashi et al, 1995;Takacs et al, 2005;Monda et al, 2007;Whittaker et al, 2007;Chan et al, 2010;Matsudaira and Ishida, 2010), Y chromosomes (Chan et al, 2012), Arthrobacter luteus (ALU) repeats (Meyer et al, 2012), and short stretches of autosomal sequence (Kim et al, 2011;Wall et al, 2013), the phylogenetic relationships among the four gibbon genera are still confidently unresolved; phylogenetic relationships proposed in the studies using different data were inconsistent (reviewed in (Kim et al, 2011;Wall et al, 2013)). …”

Section: General Instructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phylogeny Based on the Concatenated 9 Protein-coding Gene Sequences of Mt Genomes among Three Gibbon Genera

Li¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2017

dtcse

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The objective of this study was to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of gibbons (3 genera, 11 species) deduced from complete sequenced mitochondrial genome sequences. According to conserved (C) / variable (V) sites ratio test, 9 selected protein coding genes were combined into a sequence with 9356 bases long including gaps. A resolved phylogenetic tree was obtained for the mitochondrial genome in the maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony analyses. In accordance with all previous morphological and molecular evidence, our results clearly supported monophyly of family Hylobatidae with predominantly strongly supported and each of the three genera with high support based on these coding genes. Among three genera, first Nomascus, next Symphalangus and at last Hylobates diverged, which identical to other previous research based on the whole mitochondrial genome. Our phylogenetic relationships of Nomascus group accord with Chan et al. (2010), only support values of a node of N. gabriellae (90%) were slight lower than Chan's result (97%). Among genus Hylobates, in our result, 6 species are involved and H. pileatus, H. lar, H. klossii, H. agilis, H. moloch and H. muelleri diverged sequentially.

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Chromosomal Evolution of Gibbons (Hylobatidae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of chromosome rearrangements in gibbons

A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of chromosome rearrangements in gibbons

Examining Phylogenetic Relationships Among Gibbon Genera Using Whole Genome Sequence Data Using an Approximate Bayesian Computation Approach

A Phylogeny Based on the Concatenated 9 Protein-coding Gene Sequences of Mt Genomes among Three Gibbon Genera

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