Chromosome aberrations and rogue cells in lymphocytes of Chernobyl clean-up workers

Lazutka, Juozas R.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(95)00170-0

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…2005). This is in line with the findings of other investigators who have reported that past radiation can leave a permanent signature in the genome several years after the event, as evident in plutonium workers exposed in 1949 (Hande et al, 2003), patients treated with x-irradiation for ankylosing spondylitis (Buckton, 1983), Hiroshima atomic bomb survivors Nakano et al, 2001), and more recently, Chernobyl cleanup workers (Lazutka, 1996;Slozina et al, 1997). Therefore, our results are not extraordinary, despite a gap of 50 years after the initial event.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Nonetheless, the presence of CCRs in veterans may be viewed as an additional indicator of past radiation exposure. Lazutka (1996) reported that rogue cells are seen in patients after nuclear accidents concomitant with a stimulation of JC-virus antibodies. This is not surprising considering that the immune system is known to be compromised by exposure even to low levels of ionizing radiation (Godekmerdan et al, 2004;Kusunoki and Hayashi, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated chromosome translocation frequencies in New Zealand nuclear test veterans

Wahab

Nickless

Najar-M’Kacher

et al. 2008

Cytogenet Genome Res

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In 1957/58 the British Government conducted a series of nuclear tests in the mid-Pacific codenamed Operation Grapple, which involved several naval vessels from Britain and New Zealand. Two New Zealand frigates with 551 personnel onboard were stationed at various distances between 20 and 150 nautical miles from ground zero. In the present study we applied the cytomolecular technique mFISH (multicolour fluorescent in situ hybridisation) to investigate a potential link between chromosome abnormalities and possible past radiation exposure in New Zealand nuclear test veterans who participated in Operation Grapple. Compared to age matched controls, the veterans showed significantly higher (P < 0.0001) frequencies of chromosomal abnormalities (275 translocations and 12 dicentrics in 9,360 cells vs. 96 translocations and 1 dicentric in 9,548 cells in the controls), in addition to a significant excess of CCRs (complex chromosomal rearrangements) in the veterans. A Kolmogorov-Smirnoff test showed that the distributions of translocations for the two groups were significantly different.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated chromosome translocation frequencies in New Zealand nuclear test veterans

Wahab

Nickless

Najar-M’Kacher

et al. 2008

Cytogenet Genome Res

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“…The presence of CCRs is considered to be a signature for high LET and heavy ion exposure [58,59]. There have been several reports that past irradiation can leave a permanent signature in the genome even several years after the exposure, as evident in plutonium workers exposed in 1949 in the Mayak Production Association near Ozyorsk, Russia [23], New Zealand nuclear test veterans exposed in 1957-1958 [60], patients treated with X-ray irradiation for ankylosing spondylitis [61], Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with chemotherapy associated to radiation therapy [62], Hiroshima atomic bomb survivors [63,64], and Chernobyl cleanup workers [65][66][67]. However, currently there is no study assessing the usefulness of this potential biomarker after low dose exposure and further studies are needed to investigate the effect of low-LET radiation exposure on its occurrence.…”

Section: Complex Chromosomal Rearrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionizing radiation biomarkers for potential use in epidemiological studies

Pernot

Hall

Baatout

et al. 2012

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

201

153

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Ionizing radiation is a known human carcinogen that can induce a variety of biological effects depending on the physical nature, duration, doses and dose-rates of exposure. However, the magnitude of health risks at low doses and dose-rates (below 100mSv and/or 0.1mSvmin(-1)) remains controversial due to a lack of direct human evidence. It is anticipated that significant insights will emerge from the integration of epidemiological and biological research, made possible by molecular epidemiology studies incorporating biomarkers and bioassays. A number of these have been used to investigate exposure, effects and susceptibility to ionizing radiation, albeit often at higher doses and dose rates, with each reflecting time-limited cellular or physiological alterations. This review summarises the multidisciplinary work undertaken in the framework of the European project DoReMi (Low Dose Research towards Multidisciplinary Integration) to identify the most appropriate biomarkers for use in population studies. In addition to logistical and ethical considerations for conducting large-scale epidemiological studies, we discuss the relevance of their use for assessing the effects of low dose ionizing radiation exposure at the cellular and physiological level. We also propose a temporal classification of biomarkers that may be relevant for molecular epidemiology studies which need to take into account the time elapsed since exposure. Finally, the integration of biology with epidemiology requires careful planning and enhanced discussions between the epidemiology, biology and dosimetry communities in order to determine the most important questions to be addressed in light of pragmatic considerations including the appropriate population to be investigated (occupationally, environmentally or medically exposed), and study design. The consideration of the logistics of biological sample collection, processing and storing and the choice of biomarker or bioassay, as well as awareness of potential confounding factors, are also essential.

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“…'Rogue' cells were previously described in populations accidentally exposed to genotoxic agents (Neel, 1998) and cancer patients treated with radiation therapy associated with chemotherapy (MˈKacher et al, 2010). The correlation between the incidence of rogue cells and the poor prognosis of these populations was demonstrated (Lazutka, 1996;MˈKacher et al, 2010). Recently, the presence of rogue cells was reported in subjects exposed to radon and its decay daughter products (Druzhinin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic risk of ethyl-paraben could be related to telomere shortening

Finot¹,

Kaddour

Morat

et al. 2016

J. Appl. Toxicol.

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The ability of parabens to promote the appearance of multiple cancer hallmarks in breast epithelium cells provides grounds for regulatory review of the implication of the presence of parabens in human breast tissue. It is well documented that telomere dysfunction plays a significant role in the initiation of genomic instability during carcinogenesis in human breast cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the genotoxic effect of ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (ethyl-paraben), with and without metabolic activation (S9), in studies following OECD guidelines. We observed a significant increase in genotoxic damage using the Mouse Lymphoma Assay and in vitro micronucleus (MN) tests in the L5178Y cell line in the presence of S9 only after a short exposure. A high frequency of MN was observed in the TK6 cells after a short exposure (3 h) in the presence of S9 and a long exposure (26 h) without S9. We found significant increases in the MN frequency and induced chromosomal aberrations in the lymphocytes of only one donor after ethyl-paraben exposure in the presence of S9 after a short exposure. Cytogenetic characterization of the paraben-treated cells demonstrated telomere shortening associated with telomere loss and telomere deletions in L5178Y and TK6 cells and lymphocytes of the paraben sensitive-donor. In a control cohort of 68 human lymphocytes, telomere length and telomere aberrations were age-dependent and showed high inter-individual variation. This study is the first to link telomere shortening and the genotoxic effect of ethyl paraben in the presence of S9 and raises the possibility that telomere shortening may be a proxy for underlying inter-individual sensitivity to ethyl-paraben. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Chromosome aberrations and rogue cells in lymphocytes of Chernobyl clean-up workers

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

Elevated chromosome translocation frequencies in New Zealand nuclear test veterans

Elevated chromosome translocation frequencies in New Zealand nuclear test veterans

Ionizing radiation biomarkers for potential use in epidemiological studies

Genotoxic risk of ethyl-paraben could be related to telomere shortening

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