Chromosome Evolution in Marsupials

Deakin, Janine E.

doi:10.3390/genes9020072

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…The loss in viability was found to be correlated with two translocations present among these strains as well as three independent meiotic drive elements. Studies in marsupials suggested a role of chromosome rearrangements involving centromeres in the process of speciation in this species complex (84)(85)(86)(87)(88). These involved centromere-mediated translocations as well as differences in centromere lengths between two species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centromere scission drives chromosome shuffling and reproductive isolation

Yadav

Sun

Coelho

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A fundamental characteristic of eukaryotic organisms is the generation of genetic variation via sexual reproduction. Conversely, significant large-scale genome structure variations could hamper sexual reproduction, causing reproductive isolation and promoting speciation. The underlying processes behind large-scale genome rearrangements are not well understood and include chromosome translocations involving centromeres. Recent genomic studies in theCryptococcusspecies complex revealed that chromosome translocations generated via centromere recombination have reshaped the genomes of different species. In this study, multiple DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were generated via the CRISPR/Cas9 system at centromere-specific retrotransposons in the human fungal pathogenCryptococcus neoformans. The resulting DSBs were repaired in a complex manner, leading to the formation of multiple interchromosomal rearrangements and new telomeres, similar to chromothripsis-like events. The newly generated strains harboring chromosome translocations exhibited normal vegetative growth but failed to undergo successful sexual reproduction with the parental wild-type strain. One of these strains failed to produce any spores, while another produced ∼3% viable progeny. The germinated progeny exhibited aneuploidy for multiple chromosomes and showed improved fertility with both parents. All chromosome translocation events were accompanied without any detectable change in gene sequences and thus suggest that chromosomal translocations alone may play an underappreciated role in the onset of reproductive isolation and speciation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centromere scission drives chromosome shuffling and reproductive isolation

Yadav

Sun

Coelho

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…For instance, in the gibbon genome, the insertion of the retro-transposon LAVA in genes implicated in cell cycle progression and chromosome segregation appears to be at the origin of a high rate of chromothripsis-related rearrangements leading to the accelerated evolution of the gibbon karyotype and the emergence of different gibbon lineages, with highly rearranged chromosomes [70,100]. Another example of speciation driven by massive chromosome rearrangements is the extensive chromosome reshuffling experienced by the marsupial family Macropodidae, with numerous interchromosomal rearrangements and diploid karyotype number ranging from 2n = 10 to 2n = 24 [101]. A great karyotypic variability is also observed in the Arvicolinae rodent family characterized by a high rate of complex intrachromosomal rearrangements and an important level of karyotypic evolution [102].…”

Section: Macro-evolutionary Implications Of Chromoanagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromoanagenesis: a piece of the macroevolution scenario

Pellestor

Gatinois

2020

Mol Cytogenet

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Over the last decade, new types of massive and complex chromosomal rearrangements based on the chaotic shattering and restructuring of chromosomes have been identified in cancer cells as well as in patients with congenital diseases and healthy individuals. These unanticipated phenomena are named chromothripsis, chromoanasynthesis and chromoplexy, and are grouped under the term of chromoanagenesis. As mechanisms for rapid and profound genome modifications in germlines and early development, these processes can be regarded as credible pathways for genomic evolution and speciation process. Their discovery confirms the importance of genome-centric investigations to fully understand organismal evolution. Because they oppose the model of progressive acquisition of driver mutations or rearrangements, these phenomena conceptually give support to the concept of macroevolution, known through the models of "Hopeful Monsters" and the "Punctuated Equilibrium". In this review, we summarize mechanisms underlying chromoanagenesis processes and we show that numerous cases of chromosomal speciation and short-term adaptation could be correlated to chromoanagenesis-related mechanisms. In the frame of a modern and integrative analysis of eukaryote evolutionary processes, it seems important to consider the unexpected chromoanagenesis phenomena.

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“…In morphologically indistinguishable species, the so-called cryptic species, morphological similarity exists alongside significant differences in genetic markers, such as chromosome structures or specific genes. There seem to be no radical changes in the development of morphological traits, but reproductive isolation appears, which makes such species a good prospective model for studying evolution [10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Translocations as a Driver of Diversification in Mole Voles Ellobius (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Romanenko

Lyapunova

Saidov

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The involvement of chromosome changes in the initial steps of speciation is controversial. Here we examine diversification trends within the mole voles Ellobius, a group of subterranean rodents. The first description of their chromosome variability was published almost 40 years ago. Studying the G-band structure of chromosomes in numerous individuals revealed subsequent homologous, step-by-step, Robertsonian translocations, which changed diploid numbers from 54 to 30. Here we used a molecular cytogenetic strategy which demonstrates that chromosomal translocations are not always homologous; consequently, karyotypes with the same diploid number can carry different combinations of metacentrics. We further showed that at least three chromosomal forms with 2n = 34 and distinct metacentrics inhabit the Pamir-Alay mountains. Each of these forms independently hybridized with E. tancrei, 2n = 54, forming separate hybrid zones. The chromosomal variations correlate slightly with geographic barriers. Additionally, we confirmed that the emergence of partial or monobrachial homology appeared to be a strong barrier for hybridization in nature, in contradistinction to experiments which we reported earlier. We discuss the possibility of whole arm reciprocal translocations for mole voles. Our findings suggest that chromosomal translocations lead to diversification and speciation.

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Chromosome Evolution in Marsupials

Cited by 33 publications

References 95 publications

Centromere scission drives chromosome shuffling and reproductive isolation

Centromere scission drives chromosome shuffling and reproductive isolation

Chromoanagenesis: a piece of the macroevolution scenario

Chromosome Translocations as a Driver of Diversification in Mole Voles Ellobius (Rodentia, Mammalia)

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