Chromosomes in a hybrid zone of Israeli mole rars (Spalax, Radentia)

Ivanitskaya, Elena; Rashkovetsky, L.; Nevo, Eviatar

doi:10.1134/s1022795410100017

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…S3D), respectively, suggesting ongoing gene flow and hybridization between the two soil populations, conforming with the results of the mitochondrial genome (8) and whole genome (5). Notably, natural hybrid zones occur also between the four species of mole rats in Israel that evolved peripatrically (27)(28)(29). Recombinants were found in chalk, which complements the genomic result suggesting that more animals migrate from basalt to chalk (5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Transcriptome, genetic editing, and microRNA divergence substantiate sympatric speciation of blind mole rat, Spalax

Wang

Knisbacher³

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Incipient sympatric speciation in blind mole rat, Spalax galili, in Israel, caused by sharp ecological divergence of abutting chalkbasalt ecologies, has been proposed previously based on mitochondrial and whole-genome nuclear DNA. Here, we present new evidence, including transcriptome, DNA editing, microRNA, and codon usage, substantiating earlier evidence for adaptive divergence in the abutting chalk and basalt populations. Genetic divergence, based on the previous and new evidence, is ongoing despite restricted gene flow between the two populations. The principal component analysis, neighbor-joining tree, and genetic structure analysis of the transcriptome clearly show the clustered divergent two mole rat populations. Gene-expression level analysis indicates that the population transcriptome divergence is displayed not only by soil divergence but also by sex. Gene ontology enrichment of the differentially expressed genes from the two abutting soil populations highlights reproductive isolation. Alternative splicing variation of the two abutting soil populations displays two distinct splicing patterns. L-shaped F ST distribution indicates that the two populations have undergone divergence with gene flow. Transcriptome divergent genes highlight neurogenetics and nutrition characterizing the chalk population, and energetics, metabolism, musculature, and sensory perception characterizing the abutting basalt population. Remarkably, microRNAs also display divergence between the two populations. The GC content is significantly higher in chalk than in basalt, and stress-response genes mostly prefer nonoptimal codons. The multiple lines of evidence of ecologicalgenomic and genetic divergence highlight that natural selection overrules the gene flow between the two abutting populations, substantiating the sharp ecological chalk-basalt divergence driving sympatric speciation.natural selection | ecological adaptive speciation | DNA editing | microRNA regulation | nonoptimal codon usage

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Transcriptome, genetic editing, and microRNA divergence substantiate sympatric speciation of blind mole rat, Spalax

Wang

Knisbacher³

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Hybrids are also apparently absent or very infrequent in Anatolia [ 39 , 57 , 73 , 74 , 75 ], with only three 2n = 49 probable cases located in Central-eastern Anatolia [ 76 ]. Hybridization is commonly described only for Israel [ 53 , 77 ], with lower fitness compared to their parents [ 78 ].…”

Section: Mediterranean Bmr N Leucodon Cryptospmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, phylogenetic analysis did not confirm separation of the last two species, S. carmeli and S. judaei [ 65 , 96 , 100 ], similarly to earlier findings [ 89 ]. Moreover, hybrids were frequently reported only in Israel [ 53 , 77 ], with lower fitness compared to their parents [ 78 ].…”

Section: Cryptic Speciation In N Leucodonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such experiments, together with artificial insemination and the absence of hybrid individuals in their natural habitats, have proved complete reproductive isolation and elucidated post- and/or pre copulatory isolation mechanisms. As mentioned above, natural hybrids are apparently absent or very infrequent in Anatolia [ 39 , 65 , 73 , 74 ] but are commonly described only in Israel with lower fitness than their parents [ 53 , 77 ].…”

Section: Cryptic Speciation In N Leucodonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exceptional Chromosomal Evolution and Cryptic Speciation of Blind Mole Rats Nannospalax leucodon (Spalacinae, Rodentia) from South-Eastern Europe

Savić

Ćirović

Bugarski-Stanojević

2017

Genes

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Mole rats are exclusively subterranean and highly specialized rodents. Their long lifespans, remarkable anti-cancer mechanisms, and various distinctive adaptive features make them a useful research model. Moreover, opposing convergence of morphological traits, they have developed extremely high karyotype variability. Thus, 74 chromosomal forms have been described so far and new ones are being revealed continuously. These evolved during the process of rapid radiation and occur in different biogeographical regions. During research into their reproductive biology we have already provided substantial evidence for species-level separation of these taxa. Here, we review diverse chromosomal forms of the lesser blind mole rat, Mediterranean Nannospalax leucodon, distributed in South-eastern Europe, their karyotype records, biogeography, origin, and phylogeny from our extensive research. In the light of new data from molecular genetic studies, we question some former valuations and propose a cryptospecies rank for seven reproductively isolated chromosomal forms with sympatric and parapatric distribution and clear ecogeographical discrepances in their habitats, as well as new experimental and theoretical methods for understanding the courses of speciation of these unique fossorial mammals.

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“…Chromosome heterozygosity can be studied either in laboratory hybrids [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] or in natural hybrids, for example, from hybrid zones [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Experimental hybridization allows researchers to obtain offspring from parental forms with known karyotypic data, which facilitates a more accurate assessment of the effect of structural hybridity on the processes of cell division, morphology, and fertility [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic Nuclear Architecture in Distinct Mole Vole Hybrids with Robertsonian Translocations: Chromosome Chains, Stretched Centromeres, and Distorted Recombination

Matveevsky

Tretiakov

Kashintsova

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Genome functioning in hybrids faces inconsistency. This mismatch is manifested clearly in meiosis during chromosome synapsis and recombination. Species with chromosomal variability can be a model for exploring genomic battles with high visibility due to the use of advanced immunocytochemical methods. We studied synaptonemal complexes (SC) and prophase I processes in 44-chromosome intraspecific (Ellobius tancrei × E. tancrei) and interspecific (Ellobius talpinus × E. tancrei) hybrid mole voles heterozygous for 10 Robertsonian translocations. The same pachytene failures were found for both types of hybrids. In the intraspecific hybrid, the chains were visible in the pachytene stage, then 10 closed SC trivalents formed in the late pachytene and diplotene stage. In the interspecific hybrid, as a rule, SC trivalents composed the SC chains and rarely could form closed configurations. Metacentrics involved with SC trivalents had stretched centromeres in interspecific hybrids. Linkage between neighboring SC trivalents was maintained by stretched centromeric regions of acrocentrics. This centromeric plasticity in structure and dynamics of SC trivalents was found for the first time. We assume that stretched centromeres were a marker of altered nuclear architecture in heterozygotes due to differences in the ancestral chromosomal territories of the parental species. Restructuring of the intranuclear organization and meiotic disturbances can contribute to the sterility of interspecific hybrids, and lead to the reproductive isolation of studied species.

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Chromosomes in a hybrid zone of Israeli mole rars (Spalax, Radentia)

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Transcriptome, genetic editing, and microRNA divergence substantiate sympatric speciation of blind mole rat, Spalax

Transcriptome, genetic editing, and microRNA divergence substantiate sympatric speciation of blind mole rat, Spalax

Exceptional Chromosomal Evolution and Cryptic Speciation of Blind Mole Rats Nannospalax leucodon (Spalacinae, Rodentia) from South-Eastern Europe

Meiotic Nuclear Architecture in Distinct Mole Vole Hybrids with Robertsonian Translocations: Chromosome Chains, Stretched Centromeres, and Distorted Recombination

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