Chronic Cannulation of the Intradural or Extradural Space in the Rat

Bahar, M.; Rosen, Mark A.; Vickers, M. D.

doi:10.1093/bja/56.4.405

Cited by 77 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Spinal cannulation with a chronically implanted nylon catheter in the lumbar subarachnoid space was undertaken aseptically according to a previously described method for this procedure [2].…”

Section: Spinal Cannulation and Intrathecal Injection Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…...................................................................................... Correspondence to: Dr M. Bahar Accepted: 22 September 1996 The recent increased interest in the neurological effects of magnesium deficiency and a renewed concern with magnesium metabolism [1] prompted us to examine the results of intrathecal administration of magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ) in an animal model previously described by us [2]. We have also previously demonstrated in this same rat model that the intrathecal injection of a 0.02-ml bolus of 6.3% MgSO 4 , a concentration iso-osmolar with human and rat plasma [3][4][5], produced a state of spinal anaesthesia and general sedation lasting approximately 1 h. This…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent increased interest in the neurological effects of magnesium deficiency and a renewed concern with magnesium metabolism [1] prompted us to examine the results of intrathecal administration of magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ) in an animal model previously described by us [2]. We have also previously demonstrated in this same rat model that the intrathecal injection of a 0.02-ml bolus of 6.3% MgSO 4 , a concentration iso-osmolar with human and rat plasma [3][4][5], produced a state of spinal anaesthesia and general sedation lasting approximately 1 h. This reversed completely after 6 h, without evidence of neurotoxicity immediately or during the period of 1 week following the injection.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neurotoxicity after spinal anaesthesia induced by serial intrathecal injections of magnesium sulphate An experimental study in a rat model

et al. 1997

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SummaryWe have previously demonstrated in a rat model that the lumbar intrathecal injection of 0.02 ml 6.3% magnesium sulphate, a concentration iso-osmolar with rat plasma, produces a state of spinal anaesthesia and general sedation which reversed completely after 6 h, without evidence of neurotoxicity, immediately or during the week thereafter. Using the same model and five groups of six animals in each, we administered the same volume and concentration of magnesium sulphate and compared its clinical effects with those of 0.02 ml 12.6% magnesium sulphate, 0.02 ml 2% lignocaine and 0.02 ml 0.9% sodium chloride solution, given as a series of 15 injections on alternate days for a period of 1 month. The animals were then killed and their spinal cords and meninges examined histologically. No significant differences were noted in the times of onset, durations of sensory and motor blockade and the times to full recovery throughout the entire period of 1 month's observation in the animals receiving intrathecal 6.3% magnesium sulphate. In the group receiving 12.6% magnesium sulphate, the time of onset of sensory and motor blockade was shorter and the duration of both parameters was significantly longer than in the former group. Full clinical recovery and resumption of normal eating and drinking took place in both groups throughout the entire series of 15 successive intrathecal injections. Identical, mild, uniform histopathological changes in the spinal cord were seen in all the five groups, including the group in which only the intrathecal catheter was implanted. The complete recovery and benign consequences of repeated intrathecal injections of iso-osmolar magnesium sulphate in a rat model indicate a lack of neurotoxicity and provide an impetus for further trials in larger animal species, before initial clinical trials of this substance, given intrathecally, in humans.Keywords Anaesthetics, local; lignocaine. Ions; magnesium. Anaesthetic techniques, regional; intrathecal. ...................................................................................... Correspondence to: Dr M. Bahar Accepted: 22 September 1996 The recent increased interest in the neurological effects of magnesium deficiency and a renewed concern with magnesium metabolism [1] prompted us to examine the results of intrathecal administration of magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ) in an animal model previously described by us [2]. We have also previously demonstrated in this same rat model that the intrathecal injection of a 0.02-ml bolus of 6.3% MgSO 4 , a concentration iso-osmolar with human and rat plasma [3][4][5], produced a state of spinal anaesthesia and general sedation lasting approximately 1 h. This

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Section: Spinal Cannulation and Intrathecal Injection Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurotoxicity after spinal anaesthesia induced by serial intrathecal injections of magnesium sulphate An experimental study in a rat model

et al. 1997

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“…A similarly treated catheter was inserted gently into the peridural space through the laminectomized spine 12 mm cephalad so that the tip reached the lumbar enlargement under a microscope. 17 The remainder of the catheter was fixed to the lumbar spine and skin-tunnelled up to the nuchal level. The tip was sealed with a dummy cannula.…”

Section: Materials and Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antinociceptive synergistic interaction between morphine and nω-nitro 1-arginine methyl ester on thermal nociceptive tests in the rats

Yamaguchi

Naito

1996

Can J Anaesth

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Antinociceptive synergistic interaction between morphine and n ~ 1-arginine methyl ester on thermal nociceptive tests in the rats Purpose: This study was conducted to demonstrate if subeffective dose of N ~ Nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, interacts with morphine when given intrathecally (IT), epidurally (EP), and intravenously (IV) to produce a synergistic antinociceptive effect in normal rats. Key words functions of IT, EP and IV morphine, L-NAME, and morphine co-administered with subeffective doses of L-NAME. The antinociceptive effect was evaluated using the doses for 50% maximum probable effect (EDso).The interaction between morphine and L-NAME was evaluated using an isobolographic approach. ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis. Significance was taken at P < 0.05. Results: Morphine and L-NAME produced dose-related antinociceptive effects in the IT (EDso = 1.23 • O.18 lag (Mean +_ SEM) and 76.0 +_ 14.5 lag), EP (EDso = 32.6 • 2.4 pg and 560 +_ 97 lag), and IV (EDso = 563 +_ 71.8lag and 16.0 • 4.0 mg) groups, respectively. Co-administration of smaU doses of L-NAME and morphine produced reductions in the EDso values for morphine (0.16 • O.03 lag in IT, 1.18 +_ 0.32lag in EP, (P < 0.01), suggesting a multiplicative interaction of L-NAME with morphine. CAN J ANAESTH 1996 /43:8 / pp975-81 Conclusion: L-NAME has a synergistic antinociceptive inter

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“…The difficulty in generating a limited thoracic block by means of a lumbar injection (with the risk of unacceptably low-metameric level or excessive blockade) prompted us to create a model of limited spinal anesthesia at the thoracic level in the rat. Bahar et al 13 observed that lumbar injection of 32 µL of 2% lidocaine in rats lead to motor and sensory blocks of the hindlimbs. During preliminary experiments, we determined the dose necessary at the thoracic level to obtain a motor block of the hindlimbs.…”

Section: Objectif : Le Modèle Photochimique D'une Lésion Médullaire Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrathecal bupivacaine protects against extension of lesions in an acute photochemical spinal cord injury model

Lopez¹,

Privat

Bernard³

et al. 2004

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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P Pu ur rp po os se e: : The photochemical spinal-cord injury model reproduces extensive secondary lesions that occur after spinal injury. We have evaluated in 27 rats the functional, electrophysiological and anatomical consequences of a photochemical spinal-cord lesion induced before or after intrathecal injection of bupivacaine.M Me et th ho od ds s: : After randomization, nine rats received 20 µL of intrathecal bupivacaine 0.5% 15 min before a photochemical spinal-cord lesion (Group I) and eight rats received 20 µL intrathecal bupivacaine 15 min after such a lesion (Group II). Ten rats received 20 µL of saline 15 min before the photochemical injury (control group).Paraplegia was tested on days one, three, five, seven, nine, 12, 15 and 18 using an evaluation of hindlimb movements and an inclined plane stability test. Sensory block was evaluated by the animal's response when each hindlimb was brought into contact with a hot plate. Sympathetic injury was evaluated in terms of bladder voiding dysfunction. On day 18, residual somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were measured and the area of the intact spinal cord was determined using a digitalized system. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Early paraplegia recovery was found in the two bupivacaine groups (P < 0.05). On day 12, motor recovery was complete in both bupivacaine groups whereas recovery was not complete on day 18 in the control group. Compared to the control group, inclined plane stability recovered earlier in Groups I and II, from day three to day 15. Sensory and sympathetic block scores were not different in the three groups. Nevertheless, SEP latencies were longer and amplitudes were lower in control group rats compared with the two bupivacaine groups on day 18. The intact spinal-cord cross-sectional area around the lesion was not different in the three groups.C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : Twenty microlitres of intrathecal bupivacaine before or after acute photochemical spinal injury improves hindlimb motor recovery and SEP parameters in rats. Objectif

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Chronic Cannulation of the Intradural or Extradural Space in the Rat

Cited by 77 publications

References 3 publications

Neurotoxicity after spinal anaesthesia induced by serial intrathecal injections of magnesium sulphate An experimental study in a rat model

Neurotoxicity after spinal anaesthesia induced by serial intrathecal injections of magnesium sulphate An experimental study in a rat model

Antinociceptive synergistic interaction between morphine and nω-nitro 1-arginine methyl ester on thermal nociceptive tests in the rats

Intrathecal bupivacaine protects against extension of lesions in an acute photochemical spinal cord injury model

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