Chronic Carcinogenicity Study of Gasoline Vapor Condensate (GVC) and GVC Containing Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether in F344 Rats

Abstract

Chronic inhalation studies were conducted to compare the toxicity and potential carcinogenicity of evaporative emissions from unleaded gasoline (GVC) and gasoline containing the oxygenate methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE; GMVC). The test materials were manufactured to mimic vapors people would be exposed to during refueling at gas stations. Fifty F344 rats per gender per exposure level per test article were exposed 6 h/d, 5 d/wk for 104 wk in whole body chambers. Target total vapor concentrations were 0, 2, 10, or 20 g/m3 for the control, low-, mid-, and high-level exposures, respectively. Endpoints included survival, body weights, clinical observations, organs weights, and histopathology. GVC and GMVC exerted no marked effects on survival or clinical observations and few effects on organ weights. Terminal body weights were reduced in all mid- and high-level GVC groups and high-level GMVC groups. The major proliferative lesions attributable to gasoline exposure with or without MTBE were renal tubule adenomas and carcinomas in male rats. GMV exposure led to elevated testicular mesothelioma incidence and an increased trend for thyroid carcinomas in males. GVMC inhalation caused an increased trend for testicular tumors with exposure concentration. Mid- and high-level exposures of GVC and GMVC led to elevated incidences of nasal respiratory epithelial degeneration. Overall, in these chronic studies conducted under identical conditions, the health effects in F344 rats following 2 yr of GVC or GMVC exposure were comparable in the production of renal adenomas and carcinomas in male rats and similar in other endpoints.

Evaluation of Haematological, Hepatic and Renal Function of Auto Drivers in Tirunelveli City,Tamilnadu, India.

“…For instance, kidney adenoma 9 , elevated serum activity of liver enzymes [10,11], urea, creatinine, and potassium, and decreased chlorine and sodium have been reported in laboratory animals [12]. Similarly, proteinuria, elevated serum activity of liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase), and total bilirubin and fatty liver changes have been reported in drivers and workers following exposure to unleaded petrol [13,14,15,16].…”

“…Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity have been reported following human and animal exposure to unleaded petrol [7,8,9]. For instance, kidney adenoma 9 , elevated serum activity of liver enzymes [10,11], urea, creatinine, and potassium, and decreased chlorine and sodium have been reported in laboratory animals [12].…”

Estimation of serum electrolyte concentration among fuel pump/petrol station workers in Kirkuk city

“…The components of petrol fumes have been studied for their impact on the liver and kidney health. Studies have revealed the harmful effects of these fumes on the liver and kidney (Periago and Prado, 2005;Benson et al, 2011) (Adami et al, 2007). Kidney adenoma (Benson et al, 2011), altered activities of liver enzymes, deranged levels of serum urea, creatinine, potassium (K + ), chloride (Cl − ) and sodium (Na + ) have been observed in laboratory animals exposed to petrol fumes (Uboh, 2009) .…”

“…Studies have revealed the harmful effects of these fumes on the liver and kidney (Periago and Prado, 2005;Benson et al, 2011) (Adami et al, 2007). Kidney adenoma (Benson et al, 2011), altered activities of liver enzymes, deranged levels of serum urea, creatinine, potassium (K + ), chloride (Cl − ) and sodium (Na + ) have been observed in laboratory animals exposed to petrol fumes (Uboh, 2009) . Studies have also reported deranged activities of liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, soluble phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase), proteinuria, elevated levels of serum bilirubin in the drivers of vehicles running on petrol.…”

Evaluation of renal and liver function in petrol station workers in Kirkuk city

“…Studies in humans and animals to evaluate the effects of petrol have reported the toxic effects of © Pharmascope Publications | International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences petrol exposure on the kidney and the liver (Periago et al, 2005;Adami et al, 2006;Benson et al, 2011). Kidney adenoma (Benson et al, 2011), increased activity of enzymes in the liver, urea, creatinine, and potassium, and decreased chlorine and sodium have been reported in laboratory animals (Uboh et al, 2009). In studies involving drivers, proteinuria, elevated serum activity of liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase), and total bilirubin and fatty liver changes have been reported.…”