Chronic cough in subjects with upper airway diseases - analysis of mechanisms and clinical applications

Abstract

Cough is the commonest respiratory symptom leading to a medical consultation. Although acute cough which is usually associated with respiratory viral infection is not a problem to manage, chronic cough is frequently a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge as it does not respond to usual treatments. Specific group of chronic coughers are considered to have upper airway diseases, lately categorized as having upper airway cough syndrome. There is an increasing pool of evidence that upper airway diseases have significant involvements in the regulation of cough reflex, indicating that they must be taken into considerations as major triggers of coughing in the patients. Here we summarize current literature and experiences on the pathogenesis of upper airway cough syndrome, and discuss further clinical applications.

Capsaicin cough sensitivity is related to the older female predominant feature in chronic cough patients

“…TRPA1 senses a variety of stimuli such as cold temperature, smoke, or irritants. In addition, nasal transient receptor potential menthol 8 channel is another recent finding on cough reflex modulation 38,41. Cough is a consequence of the interaction of various sensory afferent inputs known as 'cough plasticity' 38.…”

“…In addition, nasal transient receptor potential menthol 8 channel is another recent finding on cough reflex modulation 38,41. Cough is a consequence of the interaction of various sensory afferent inputs known as 'cough plasticity' 38. Chronic cough is explained as a single disease entity with an intrinsic pathophysiology known as 'cough hypersensitivity syndrome' 4,42,43.…”

Causal Relationship of Chronic Cough with Asthma and Upper Airway Problems in School Going Children Aged 8-12 Years

“…The pathogenesis of these cough involves a combination of microaspiration, post nasal drip of mucus, spreading of inflammation via systemic circulation, naso-bronchial reflex, sino-bronchial reflex, lack of nasal functions in subjects with rhinitis together with mechanisms of central and peripheral cough plasticity. [12] During a common cold, patients are experiencing bouts of coughing as a result of minor environmental insults such as change in air temperature or exposure to noxious stimuli like cigarette smoke, allergens. In our study, there were widespread areas of Parthenium hysterophorus which is also a potent noxious stimulant for allergic respiratory problems.…”

Chronic cough hypersensitivity syndrome

“…Однако постназальное затекание -процесс физиологический. Сегодня вза имосвязь между хроническим ринитом и ХК объяс няется нарушением регуляции назальных афферент ных нервных волокон [15].…”