Chronic Encapsulated Intracerebral Hematoma Associated With Cavernous Angioma -Case Report-

Abstract

An 80-year-old male presented with a chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma (CEIH) with surrounding edema under the right frontal lobe manifesting as slow exacerbation of disturbance of orientation and gait. He had a history of cerebral infarction with an asymptomatic cavernous angioma in the right frontal lobe. The CEIH was diagnosed as bleeding from the cavernous angioma, and surgical removal was performed. The hematoma was chronic and covered by a thick capsule. In addition, mass tissue covered with the organized hematoma was found near the capsule, which was excised and found to be a cavernous angioma. CEIH is a special type of intracerebral hemorrhage, and bleeding from a cavernous angioma is occasionally seen. CEIH should be considered in the case of a hemorrhagic intracranial lesion with a chronic, progressive course with capsule formation and edema around the lesion. The source of bleeding is unknown in about half of the reported cases, and occult vascular malformation may be involved, necessitating care in diagnosis.

Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma associated with cavernous angioma: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor

“…14M Headache Frontal Yes GR Mabuchi, et al, [6] 1991 43F Headache, hemiparesis Parietal Yes MD Okuno, et al, [7] 1993 71F Headache Frontal No ND Roda, et al, [8] 1993 21F Headache Frontal Yes GR Motegi, et al, [9] 2008 47M* Seizure Basal ganglia Yes GR Miyahara, et al, [10] …”

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The clinical features included: Adult onset except on patient younger than 20 years, male gender, high frequency of headache and seizure, high frequency of frontal or parietal lobe location, and presence of peri-lesional edema. Our patient had a past history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which can cause intracranial hemorrhage.…”

Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma: Three case reports and a literature review

“…To date, 54 other cases have been reported in the literature. [1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344] Table 1 depicts background characteristics and details of the patients. CEIH is a disease affecting all ages; the youngest reported patient was 2 months old and the oldest was 80 years old.…”

Chronic Encapsulated Intracerebral Hematoma Associated with Cavernous Malformation

“…It is well established that CEIH is associated with arteriovenous malformations; however, CEIH associated with cavernous malformation (CM) is rare9,10,11,12,14,18). Herein, we report a case of CEIH associated with CM, and discuss its pathogenesis.…”

“…Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma (CEIH) is a rare cerebrovascular disease that behaves as a slowly expanding lesion with a gradual onset9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18). It is well established that CEIH is associated with arteriovenous malformations; however, CEIH associated with cavernous malformation (CM) is rare9,10,11,12,14,18).…”