Chronic ergot exposure in adult bulls suppresses prolactin but minimally impacts results of typical breeding soundness exams

Cowan, Vanessa; Chohan, Moveed R.; Blakley, Barry; McKinnon, J. J.; Anzar, M.; Singh, Jaswant

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.037

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

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“…There were some, but inconsistent, effects on blood counts. Cowan et al (2023) examined the effects of EAs from C. purpurea on sperm production and quality in 14 adult Angus bulls (bw 864 ± 111 kg). Two groups of animals were examined during a pre-treatment period of 12 weeks, a treatment period of 9 weeks (March to May, ambient temperatures between −18°C and 19°C) where they received a TMR containing either 1.11 (n = 8) or 2.23 (n = 6) mg EAs/kg DM, followed by a 10-weeks post-treatment period.…”

Section: Purpureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids in feed

Schrenk,

Bignami,

Bodin

et al. 2024

EFS2

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The European Commission requested EFSA to provide an update of the 2012 Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) on the risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids (EAs) in feed. EAs are produced by several fungi of the Claviceps and Epichloë genera. This Opinion focussed on the 14 EAs produced by C. purpurea (ergocristine, ergotamine, ergocornine, α‐ and β‐ergocryptine, ergometrine, ergosine and their corresponding ‘inine’ epimers). Effects observed with EAs from C. africana (mainly dihydroergosine) and Epichloë (ergovaline/−inine) were also evaluated. There is limited information on toxicokinetics in food and non‐food producing animals. However, transfer from feed to food of animal origin is negligible. The major effects of EAs are related to vasoconstriction and are exaggerated during extreme temperatures. In addition, EAs cause a decrease in prolactin, resulting in a reduced milk production. Based on the sum of the EAs, the Panel considered the following as Reference Points (RPs) in complete feed for adverse animal health effects: for pigs and piglets 0.6 mg/kg, for chickens for fattening and hens 2.1 and 3.7 mg/kg, respectively, for ducks 0.2 mg/kg, bovines 0.1 mg/kg and sheep 0.3 mg/kg. A total of 19,023 analytical results on EAs (only from C. purpurea) in feed materials and compound feeds were available for the exposure assessment (1580 samples). Dietary exposure was assessed using two feeding scenarios (model diets and compound feeds). Risk characterisation was done for the animals for which an RP could be identified. The CONTAM Panel considers that, based on exposure from model diets, the presence of EAs in feed raises a health concern in piglets, pigs for fattening, sows and bovines, while for chickens for fattening, laying hens, ducks, ovines and caprines, the health concern related to EAs in feed is low.

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Section: Purpureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids in feed

Schrenk,

Bignami,

Bodin

et al. 2024

EFS2

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Ergot Alkaloids and Anti‐Mycotoxin Strategies in Food and Feed

Sofia

2023

Anti‐Mycotoxin Strategies for Food and Feed

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The C-8-S-isomers of ergot alkaloids — a review of biological and analytical aspects

Cherewyk,

Blakley,

Al-Dissi

2023

Mycotoxin Res

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Ergot alkaloids are secondary metabolites that are produced by fungi and contaminate cereal crops and grasses. The ergot alkaloids produced by Claviceps purpurea are the most abundant worldwide. The metabolites exist in two configurations, the C-8-R-isomer (R-epimer) and the C-8-S-isomer (S-epimer). These two configurations can interconvert to one another. Ergot alkaloids cause toxic effects after consumption of ergot-contaminated food and feed at various concentrations. For bioactivity reasons, the C-8-R-isomers have been studied to a greater extent than the C-8-S-isomer since the C-8-S-isomers were considered biologically inactive. However, recent studies suggest the contrary. Analytical assessment of ergot alkaloids now includes the C-8-S-isomers and high concentrations of specific C-8-S-isomers have been identified. The inclusion of the C-8-S-isomer in regulatory standards is reviewed. This review has identified that further research into the C-8-S-isomers of ergot alkaloids is warranted. In addition, the inclusion of the C-8-S-isomers into regulatory recommendations worldwide for food and feed should be implemented. The objectives of this review are to provide an overview of historic and current studies that have assessed the C-8-S-isomers. Specifically, this review will compare the C-8-R-isomers to the C-8-S-isomers with an emphasis on the biological activity and analytical assessment.

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Chronic ergot exposure in adult bulls suppresses prolactin but minimally impacts results of typical breeding soundness exams

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids in feed

Risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids in feed

Ergot Alkaloids and Anti‐Mycotoxin Strategies in Food and Feed

The C-8-S-isomers of ergot alkaloids — a review of biological and analytical aspects

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