Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Clinical Update

Velasco, Teonette O.; Leggit, Jeffrey C

doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000747

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The increased pressure can compress arteries and nerves leading to pain, pallor, paralysis, pulselessness, and paresthesia. In addition, foot drop may occur during exercise [13]. More so, paresthesia is usually present in the anterior leg or between the first and second metatarsals due to the involvement of the medial terminal branch of the deep peroneal nerve [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Diagnosis of Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome in Light of an Atypical Clinical Manifestation

Abou-Ghaida¹,

Thapaliya²,

Rua³

2023

Cureus

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Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a type of arterial obstruction seen in athletic and young patients with no cardiovascular risk factors. It is caused by aberrant anatomy affecting the position of the popliteal artery or gastrocnemius muscle or functional obstruction resulting from a hypertrophied gastrocnemius muscle. Rich's classification has been used to define the various entities. PAES presents as unilateral claudication exacerbated by physical exertion. However, such a clinical presentation is shared amongst not only vascular diseases but also musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, a wide array of differential diagnoses must be considered when popliteal artery entrapment-induced claudication is suspected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Diagnosis of Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome in Light of an Atypical Clinical Manifestation

Abou-Ghaida¹,

Thapaliya²,

Rua³

2023

Cureus

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“…CECS is a fairly common occurrence in young athletes (25 years or younger), especially those in running, skating, dance, as well as military training where there are repetitive activities (7,8). While this can affect upper and lower limbs, the lower extremity is more commonly pathologic with an incidence of 1 in 2000 persons/year (9). The anterior compartment of the lower leg is the most often reported, being affected in about 70% of cases (6).…”

Section: Epidemiology/risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be accompanied by numbness/paresthesias and/or weakness when performing the offending repetitive activity. As the intensity or duration of the exercise increases, the reported symptoms will usually progress as well (9). These symptoms typically subside once the offending activity has ceased for about 15 to 20 min (6).…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pressure Is Rising: Evaluation and Treatment of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome

Malik

Vyas

2023

Curr Sports Med Rep

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Chronic exertional compartment syndrome is a condition that typically affects athletic/active individuals. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome predominantly affects the lower leg; however, there are cases involving the hand, forearm, foot, and thigh. The signs and symptoms of chronic exertional compartment syndrome are severe pain, tightness, cramping, muscle weakness, and paresthesias during participation in exercise. Dynamic intramuscular compartmental pressure (preexertion and postexertion) is the standard diagnostic test. Although other imaging modalities, such as radiography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging are typically incorporated to rule out other pathologies. In addition, these modalities are being utilized to limit invasiveness of the diagnostic experience. Initial care commonly involves conservative treatment, such as physical therapy, modifications of patient's exercise technique, foot orthoses, and various procedures over a period of 3 to 6 months. Recalcitrant cases may be referred for surgical intervention (fasciotomy), which has inconclusive head-to-head data with conservative management with regard to return to prior sport and specific activity level.

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“…If at-rest measurements or 1-min postexercise measurements are confirmatory, further testing is not required (8). As of 2020, standardized procedures for testing, including patient positioning, static or dynamic movements, muscles to test, and equipment are not consistent across the literature (9).…”

Section: Diagnostic Workupmentioning

confidence: 99%