Chronic exposure effects of copper on growth, metamorphosis and thyroid gland, liver health in Chinese toad,<i>Bufo gargarizans</i>tadpoles

Chai, Lihong; Wang, Hongyuan; Deng, Hongzhang; Zhao, Hongfeng; Wang, Wenke

doi:10.1080/02757540.2014.894985

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Chai et al (2014, 2017) also found proportion of Asiatic toads to reach metamorphic climax to be less sensitive than total size and size of hind limb and tail at GS 42. Although metamorphic endpoints were often more sensitive than apical endpoints (Parris and Baud 2004; Peles 2013; Wang et al 2016), there were cases where apical endpoints were as sensitive or more sensitive when comparing different GS or specific metamorphic endpoints (e.g., proportion of individuals to complete metamorphosis; Chai et al 2014).…”

Section: Comparative Sensitivity Of Different Endpointsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Chen et al (2007) found the growth rate (mm/d; 25 μg/L) of northern leopard frog tadpoles to be more sensitive to Cu than proportion of individuals that metamorphosed, time to metamorphic climax (GS 42), and time required for tail resorption (GS 42-46; all 100 μg/L). Chai et al (2014Chai et al ( , 2017 also found proportion of Asiatic toads to reach metamorphic climax to be less sensitive than total size and size of hind-limb and tail at Accepted Article GS 42. Although metamorphic endpoints were often more sensitive than apical endpoints (Parris and Baud 2004;Peles 2013;Wang et al 2016), there were cases where apical endpoints were as sensitive or more sensitive when comparing different GS or specific metamorphic endpoints (e.g., proportion of individuals to complete metamorphosis) (Chai et al 2014).…”

Section: Metamorphosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the above study was excluded from this comparison. The next lowest effect concentration reported for the Asiatic toad (20-d LOEC for development: 1.6 µg/L; Chai et al, 2014) was used for the species sensitivity comparison (and other comparisons throughout this study). Gray treefrogs (Hyla versicolor) were the most sensitive species with an effect Accepted Article concentration of 0.38 µg/L.…”

Section: Chronic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amphibians exhibit plasticity of development and growth rates to these aforementioned natural threats (Newman 1992;Denver 1998;Wells 2010;Richter-Boix et al 2011). However, Cu can interfere with amphibian development and metamorphosis in several ways, including: (1) reducing the proportion of individuals of a population that complete metamorphosis (Chen et al 2007;Chai et al 2014;Chai et al 2017); (2) delaying the Accepted Article onset and/or duration of metamorphosis (i.e., lengthening the larval period; García-; Parris and Baud, 2004;Chen et al, 2007;García-Muñoz et al, 2009;Peles, 2013;Wang et al, 2016;Calfee and Little, 2017); and (3) altering the whole-body size (length and weight) and/or length of body parts (e.g., tail and front-and hind-limbs) at specific stages in metamorphosis (e.g., GS 42 and 46; Chai et al, 2017). Timing of and size at metamorphosis can be indicative of individual survival and behavior post-metamorphosis and population-level effects (James and Semlitsch 2011;Willson et al 2012;Searcy et al 2015;Rumrill et al 2018).…”

Section: Metamorphosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 6 studies reported both chronic and acute toxicity data on a total of 4 amphibian species—northern leopard frog, Jefferson salamander, Asiatic toad, and Chiricahua leopard frog ( Lithobates chiricahuensis ; Table 1). The highest ACR reported for amphibians is 345.4 (Asiatic toad [Chai et al 2014]). The average ACR for amphibians is 100 (±142 standard deviation [SD]), with 3 out of 4 species having ACRs >20.…”

Section: Copper Sensitivity Of Amphibians Compared To Other Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity of Amphibians to Copper

Azizishirazi

Klemish

Pyle

2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Amphibian populations are declining globally. Major drivers of these global declines are known. However, the contribution of these major drivers to population declines varies by presence/absence and interactive effect of drivers, thus creating local challenges for conservation of populations. Studies have determined that environmental contaminants contribute to amphibian population declines. However, there is a disagreement over the use of amphibians as sentinel species in ecotoxicological testing rather than the traditional taxa used, fish and invertebrates. Reviews of ecotoxicological studies have demonstrated that amphibians are generally less sensitive than fish and invertebrates to different groups of contaminants. Nonetheless, due to the distinct nature and mechanism of toxicity of various contaminants, it is necessary to study contaminants individually to be able to come to any conclusion on the relative sensitivity of amphibians. Copper (Cu) is one of the most studied environmental contaminants. In this study, we conducted a literature review of Cu toxicity to amphibians and the relative sensitivity of amphibians to other aquatic animals. The available data suggest that This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Accepted Articlealthough amphibians may be tolerant of acute Cu exposure, they are relatively sensitive to chronic exposure (i.e., 100-fold greater sensitivity to chronic compared to acute exposure). Additionally, ecologically relevant endpoints specific to amphibians (e.g., duration of metamorphosis and behaviour) are shown to provide a better understanding of their sensitivity compared to traditional endpoints (e.g., survival and growth). Our current knowledge on amphibian sensitivity is far from complete. Considering the current status of this globally threatened class of animals, it is necessary to fill the knowledge gaps regarding their sensitivity to individual contaminants, beginning with Cu.

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Section: Comparative Sensitivity Of Different Endpointsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Metamorphosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metamorphosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Copper Sensitivity Of Amphibians Compared To Other Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity of Amphibians to Copper

Azizishirazi

Klemish

Pyle

2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Chronic effects of triclosan on embryonic development of Chinese toad, Bufo gargarizans

et al. 2016

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Triclosan (TCS) is commonly used worldwide in a range of personal care and sanitizing products. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential effects of TCS exposure on embryonic development of Bufo gargarizans, an endemic frog species in China. Standard Gosner stage 3 B. gargarizans embryos were exposed to 10 ~ 150 μg/L TCS during embryogenesis. Survival, total length, weight, developmental stage, duration of different embryo stages, malformation, and type II and III deiodinase (D2 and D3) expression were measured. Inhibitory effects on embryo developmental stage, total length and weight were found at 30 ~ 150 μg/L TCS. Moreover, the duration of embryonic development was increased at gastrula, neural, circulation, and operculum development stage in TCS-treated groups. In addition, TCS exposure induced morphological malformations in B. gargarizans embryos, which are characterized by hyperplasia, abdominal edema, and axial flexures. Furthermore, our results showed that the expression of D2 in embryos was probably down-regulated at 60 and 150 μg/L TCS, but its spatial expression patterns was not affected by TCS. In summary, our study suggested that TCS exposure not only resulted in delayed growth and development but also caused teratogenic effects in B. gargarizans embryos, and the developmental effects of TCS at high concentrations may be associated with disruption of THs homeostasis. Although further studies are necessary, the present findings could provide a basis for understanding on harmful effects and the potential mechanisms of TCS in amphibian embryos.

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