Chronic exposure to dim artificial light at night decreases fecundity and adult survival in Drosophila melanogaster

McLay, Lucy K.; Green, Mark P.; Jones, Therésa M.

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.04.009

Cited by 60 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Stock flies were maintained on Bloomington's cornmeal medium (Brent & Oster, ) under standard conditions, at a density of approximately 50 male and 50 female flies for 34 generations, in a retrofitted incubator at 28 ± 1°C, prior to the start of the experiment (for further details, see McLay et al. ()).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement of reproductive output was conducted in two blocks ( N = 66 male and female pairs from generation 35; N = 70 pairs from generation 36). We used data from this experiment and our previous study (McLay et al., ) to inform female age classes for the ROS study. The ROS assay and ovarian area study was also run over two blocks ( N = 267 flies from generation 51; and N = 259 flies from generation 52).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 24 hr, the female was returned to a new vial containing standard medium until the next time point. The final time point (day 34) was chosen to cover the median lifespan of D. melanogaster under ALAN conditions: our previous work demonstrates that approximately half of flies reared under 10 lx ALAN conditions are likely to have died by day 34 (McLay et al., ). After day 34, any surviving females were discarded, as by this time they would have almost certainly exhausted their store of sperm (Lefevre & Jonsson, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess variation in the number of emerging adult offspring, we allowed eggs from the Day 3, 20, and 34 egg counts to develop to the adult stage. These time intervals represented different slopes in the survival curve of flies under these ALAN conditions (little to no mortality at Day 3, both 0 and 10 lx = 98% survival; a slow decline in survival to Day 20, 0 lx = 96% survival, 10 lx = 86% survival; and a sharp decline in survival to Day 34, 0 lx = 77% survival, 10 lx = 57% survival) (McLay et al., ). Vials were checked every 1–2 days until the first adult eclosed and then for a further 7 days, after which time the vial was discarded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we investigate the potential of variation in ALAN (0 or 10 lx) to affect (i) reproductive output in the form of patterns of mating behavior, lifetime oviposition, and offspring development success and, in a second experiment, potential effects on physiology through (ii) differences in ROS levels of somatic (using the head) (Neretti et al., ) and reproductive tissue (ovaries) and accompanying morphological changes (measured through ovarian area). We use the model invertebrate D. melanogaster , a species with demonstrable reduction in early reproductive effort and adult survival in the presence of 10 lx ALAN (McLay et al., ). We predict that flies subjected to the presence of ALAN during juvenile development and the adult stage of the life cycle will have perturbed ROS levels compared to flies reared with no light at night (0 lx).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dim artificial light at night affects mating, reproductive output, and reactive oxygen species in Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2018

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Humans are lighting the night-time environment with ever increasing extent and intensity, resulting in a variety of negative ecological effects in individuals and populations. Effects of light at night on reproductive fitness traits are demonstrated across taxa however, the mechanisms underlying these effects are largely untested. One possible mechanism is that light at night may result in perturbed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress levels. Here, we reared Drosophila melanogaster under either dim (10 lx) light or no light (0 lx) at night for three generations and then compared mating and lifetime oviposition patterns. In a second experiment, we explored whether exposure to light at night treatments resulted in variation in ROS levels in the heads and ovaries of six, 23- and 36-day-old females. We demonstrate that dim light at night affects mating and reproductive output: 10 lx flies courted for longer prior to mating, and female oviposition patterns differed to 0 lx females. ROS levels were lower in the ovaries but not heads, of 10 lx compared with 0 lx females. We suggest that reduced ROS levels may reflect changes in ovarian physiology and cell signaling, which may be related to the differences observed in oviposition patterns. Taken together, our results indicate negative consequences for invertebrates under more stressful, urban, lit conditions and further investigation into the mechanisms driving these changes is warranted to manage invertebrate communities in a brighter future.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Dim artificial light at night affects mating, reproductive output, and reactive oxygen species in Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2018

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How urbanization affects sexual communication

Heinen‐Kay

Kay

Zuk

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Responses in thermal tolerance and daily activity rhythm to urban stress in Drosophila suzukii

Sato

Takahashi

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Cities experience changes in abiotic factors, such as warming, increases in noise and light. These changes can lead to phenotypic changes. Several studies have revealed that altered environments change phenotypes in plants and animals in cities. However, limited studies have isolated evolutionary from nongenetic changes. Here, we analyzed the evolution of thermal tolerance and diurnal activity patterns in the urban population of the fruit pest, Drosophila suzukii . Urban and rural isofemale lines were reared under constant conditions. We compared the lower and upper thermal limits (CT min and CT max , respectively), and effects of temperature exposure on the thermal limits of urban and rural populations. Common garden experiments showed that urban populations exhibit a lower CT min than rural populations, suggesting genetic difference in CT min among populations. On the other hand, the difference in CT max between urban and rural populations was not significant. Exposure to cold temperature did not affect CT min in both urban and rural populations. In contrast, exposure to hot temperature increased CT max especially in urban population, suggesting that urban populations evolved in response to urban heat. We also investigated the daily activity patterns of urban and rural populations and the effect of lifelong artificial light at night on daily activity. We found that night‐time light (dim light) reduced the total amount of activity compared to dark night condition. In addition, dim light at night altered the daily rhythm of activity and increased the activity rate at night. The effect of night light on total activity was less in urban than that in rural populations, suggesting that populations in cities evolved to mitigate decreased activity under night light. Our results showed that environmental temperature and artificial light at night evolutionarily and plastically influence ecologically important traits, such as temperature tolerance and diurnal activity.

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Chronic exposure to dim artificial light at night decreases fecundity and adult survival in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 60 publications

References 51 publications

Dim artificial light at night affects mating, reproductive output, and reactive oxygen species in Drosophila melanogaster

Dim artificial light at night affects mating, reproductive output, and reactive oxygen species in Drosophila melanogaster

How urbanization affects sexual communication

Responses in thermal tolerance and daily activity rhythm to urban stress in Drosophila suzukii

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