Chronic exposure to iron oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide fumes of metal dressers in a steelworks

Abstract

. (1972). Brit. J. industr. Med., 29,[169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177]. Chronic exposure to iron oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide fumes of metal dressers in a steelworks. Occupational and medical histories, smoking habits, respiratory symptoms, chest radiographs, and ventilatory capacities were studied in 14 steelworkers employed as deseamers of steel ingots for periods of up to 16 years. The men were exposed for approximately five hours of each working shift to fume concentrations ranging from 1-3 to 294 1 mg/m3 made up mainly of iron oxide with varying proportions of chromium oxide and nickel oxide.Four of the men, with 14 to 16 years' exposure, showed radiological evidence of pneumoconiosis classified as ILO categories 2 or 3. Of these, two had pulmonary function within the normal range and two had measurable loss of function, moderate in one case and mild in the other.Many observers would diagnose these cases as siderosis but the authors consider that this term should be reserved for cases exposed to pure iron compounds. The correct diagnosis is mixed-dust pneumoconiosis and the loss of pulmonary function is caused by the effects of the mixture of metallic oxides. It is probable that inhalation of pure iron oxide does not cause fibrotic pulmonary changes, whereas the inhalation of iron oxide plus certain other substances obviously does.

Nickel Nanoparticles Enhance Platelet-Derived Growth Factor–Induced Chemokine Expression by Mesothelial Cells via Prolonged Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation

“…Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) are a common catalyst used in the manufacture of multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) (2). Nickel (Ni) is known to cause a variety of pulmonary diseases, including fibrosis and cancer, and exposure to Ni particulates can also result in pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma in rodents (3)(4)(5). Furthermore, NiNPs are more potent inducers of pleural fibrosis compared with micron-sized Ni particles (6,7).…”

Development of emission factors for the control of lead and other metals during bridge construction work

“…Short-term exposures to chromium compounds and chromates may cause sensitisation dermatitis, eye irritation, and cumulative damage to the lungs and liver. A study of long-term exposure to chromium (Jones and Warner, 1972) may cause skin ulcers and damage to the hematopoietic and nervous systems. Moreover, chromium VI is classified as a confirmed human (A1) carcinogen.…”

“…Occupational exposures to iron, particularly those resulting from steel grinding operations, welding, or foundry work are common and may cause a clinical entity known as benign pneumoconiosis (Jones and Warner, 1972). The OSHA 8 h PEL for iron as particulates Not Otherwise Regulated limit (as nuisance dust) is 15 mg/m 3 and 10 mg/m 3 (as iron oxide fume) (http://www.osha.gov).…”

Toxicological analysis of ambient monitoring in metal industry

“…Međutim, Fortoul i dr. [25] navode da postoji pozitivna korelacija između profesionalne eksponiranosti niklu iz radne sredine i koncentracije ovog metala u biološkom materijalu. Do istih saznanja, ali na osnovu identifikovane simptomatologije, smanjenja plućne funkcije i pneumokonioze, nakon izloženosti niklu, došli su i Jones i Warner [26] i utvrdili da na osnovu dobijenih koncentracija oslobođenog nikla u radnoj sredini 0,15-34,0 mg/m 3 , koje su znatno iznad vrednosti dobijenih u okviru ovog istraživanja, postoji pozitivna korelacija između izloženosti niklu i njegove koncentacije u biološkom materijalu.…”