Chronic exposure to MDMA (Ecstasy) elicits behavioral sensitization in rats but fails to induce cross-sensitization to other psychostimulants

Modi, Gaurang; Peng, Yang; Swann, Alan C.; Dafny, Nachum

doi:10.1186/1744-9081-2-1

Cited by 90 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Our findings are only partly consistent with the retinal dopaminergic hypothesis of color vision, which posits that the ADHD group should be less accurate in distinguishing blue saturation compared to controls, but would not differ in either red or contrast discrimination abilities [9]. By contrast, our results indicate that color perception anomalies were restricted to females with ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Colour vision in ADHD: Part 1 - Testing the retinal dopaminergic hypothesis

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesTo test the retinal dopaminergic hypothesis, which posits deficient blue color perception in ADHD, resulting from hypofunctioning CNS and retinal dopamine, to which blue cones are exquisitely sensitive. Also, purported sex differences in red color perception were explored.Methods30 young adults diagnosed with ADHD and 30 healthy young adults, matched on age and gender, performed a psychophysical task to measure blue and red color saturation and contrast discrimination ability. Visual function measures, such as the Visual Activities Questionnaire (VAQ) and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test (FMT), were also administered.ResultsFemales with ADHD were less accurate in discriminating blue and red color saturation relative to controls but did not differ in contrast sensitivity. Female control participants were better at discriminating red saturation than males, but no sex difference was present within the ADHD group.ConclusionPoorer discrimination of red as well as blue color saturation in the female ADHD group may be partly attributable to a hypo-dopaminergic state in the retina, given that color perception (blue-yellow and red-green) is based on input from S-cones (short wavelength cone system) early in the visual pathway. The origin of female superiority in red perception may be rooted in sex-specific functional specialization in hunter-gather societies. The absence of this sexual dimorphism for red colour perception in ADHD females warrants further investigation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1744-9081-10-38) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Colour vision in ADHD: Part 1 - Testing the retinal dopaminergic hypothesis

et al. 2014

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“…BAS-D has been associated with behavior that maximizes the likelihood and amount of reward (Scheres & Sanfey, 2006) and with brain activation to pictures of appetizing food (Beaver et al, 2006). These associations demonstrate that trait drive is important for pursuing and “wanting” reward, which are frequently disrupted in depression (Treadway & Zald, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective traits and history of depression are related to ventral striatum connectivity

DelDonno

Jenkins

Crane

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Introduction Studying remitted Major Depressive Disorder (rMDD) facilitates a better understanding of neural mechanisms for risk, given that confounding effects of active symptoms are removed. Disrupted functional connectivity has been reported in multiple networks in MDD. However, no study to date of rMDD has specifically examined connectivity of the ventral striatum (VS), a region highly implicated in reward and motivation. We investigated functional connectivity of the VS in individuals with and without a history of MDD, and in relation to affective personality traits. Methods Forty-two individuals with rMDD and 28 healthy controls across two sites completed resting-state fMRI and the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Scale. Voxel-wise, whole-brain comparisons were conducted across and between groups for four seeds: left and right inferior VS (VSi), left and right superior VS (VSs). Results VSs connectivity to temporal and subcortical regions including the putamen and amygdala was positive and greater in HCs compared to rMDD individuals. Across groups, VSi connectivity was positively correlated with trait reward-responsiveness in somatomotor regions. Across groups, VSs connectivity was positively correlated with trait drive, particularly in the putamen, parahippocampal, and inferior temporal gyrus, and was negatively associated with trait behavioral inhibition in the anterior cingulate, frontal gyri, and insula. Limitations Limitations include scanning at two sites and using multiple comparisons. Discussion Group connectivity differences emerged from the VSs rather than VSi. VSs showed associations with trait drive and behavioral inhibition, whereas VSi corrrelated with reward-responsiveness. Depression history and affective traits contribute meaningful and specific information about VS connectivity in understanding risk for MDD.

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“…Replicated molecular genetic findings from candidate gene studies have highlighted associations within the monoaminergic neurotransmission system (see reviews by Faraone et al 2005; Gizer et al 2009; Waldman and Gizer 2006). Despite these associations, genome wide association (GWA) studies have so far failed to find genetic markers of major effect, although small effects have emerged (Kuntsi et al 2006). One possibility is that G × E effects may be contributing to the high heritability term, as has been demonstrated mathematically (Purcell 2002) and highlighted as a possibility for ADHD (Nigg et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) Moderates Family Environmental Effects on ADHD

Martel

Nikolas

Jernigan

et al. 2010

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prime candidate for exploration of gene-by-environment interaction (i.e., G × E), particularly in relation to dopamine system genes, due to strong evidence that dopamine systems are dysregulated in the disorder. Using a G × E design, we examined whether the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat polymorphism, previously associated with ADHD, moderated the effects of inconsistent parenting and marital conflict on ADHD or Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (ODD). Participants were 548 children with ADHD and non-ADHD comparison children and their parents. Homozygosity for the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat insertion allele increased vulnerability for ADHD and ODD only in the presence of inconsistent parenting and appeared to increase susceptibility to the influence of increased child self-blame for marital conflict on ADHD inattention. DRD4 genotypes may interact with these proximal family environmental risk factors by increasing the individual’s responsivity to environmental contingencies.

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Chronic exposure to MDMA (Ecstasy) elicits behavioral sensitization in rats but fails to induce cross-sensitization to other psychostimulants

Cited by 90 publications

References 64 publications

Colour vision in ADHD: Part 1 - Testing the retinal dopaminergic hypothesis

Colour vision in ADHD: Part 1 - Testing the retinal dopaminergic hypothesis

Affective traits and history of depression are related to ventral striatum connectivity

The Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) Moderates Family Environmental Effects on ADHD

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