Chronic kidney disease and its association with cataracts–A cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Abstract

IntroductionWe aim to explore the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cataracts.MethodsA total of 121,380 participants with adequate information collected from 29 community-based recruitment centers since 2008 were analyzed. The association between CKD and self-reported diagnosed cataracts was examined in a cross-sectional cohort and was validated in a longitudinal cohort of 25,263 participants without cataracts at baseline.Results and discussionOf all participants, cataracts occurred in 503/1,947 (26%) and 10,464/119,433 (9%) subjects in the CKD and non-CKD groups, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that CKD was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of self-reported diagnosed cataracts. In the validation cohort, a higher incidence of cataracts was also noted in the CKD group (65/317, 21%) compared to the non-CKD group (1,964/24,252, 8%) during a mean 47-month follow-up. After adjusting for confounders, subjects with CKD had a 1.498-fold higher risk of incident cataracts than those without CKD (95% confidence interval = 1.114 to 2.013, p value = 0.007). We found that CKD was associated with a higher prevalence of cataracts as well as incident cataracts, which suggests CKD patients and their primary physicians should be aware of this disease and can provide a clue for further exploration of the possible mechanisms and treatments.

An Assessment of Contemporary Methods and Data-Enabled Approaches for Early Cataract Detection

“…[103][104][105] Finally, investigating the association between the occurrence of cataracts and systemic conditions like diabetes or hypertension could provide valuable insights into potential risk factors and coexisting medical conditions. [106][107][108] Engaging in the exploration of these research avenues would contribute to the advancement of our understanding of cataracts and bolster evidence-based practises in diagnosis and treatment. 109,110 Critical appraisal within sources of evidence The purpose of this evaluation was to evaluate the quality and trustworthiness of individual evidence sources for inclusion in research studies or literature reviews.…”

“…Increasing the sample size through multicentre studies and collaborations enhances statistical power, reduces errors, and improves diagnostic precision. 90,106 Longitudinal studies that track patients over time are crucial to understanding cataract development, treatment outcomes, and long-term implications. A broad range of research perspectives and external validation are necessary for a comprehensive analysis.…”

Dynamics of Microcirculatory Changes in the Retina of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease After Kidney Transplantation

“…Similar vascularization in both organs leads to similar complications. The methods used allow for a quantitative assessment of the diameter of retinal vessels, and these measurements are characterized by accuracy and reproducibility [12,13]. In chronic kidney insufficiency, signs of capillary insufficiency are observed in the retina, manifested by an increased ratio of the vessel wall diameter to the lumen diameter and capillary rarefaction due to endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation.…”

“…These changes become key factors in increased cardiovascular risk. Reduction in retinal and choroidal thickness and a decrease in macular volume, even in the early stages of chronic kidney insufficiency, are signs of systemic microvessel damage and a reflection of the pathological process in the kidneys [9,10,11,13,14].…”