Chronic kidney disease in a dog of the Teckel breed: case report

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease characterized by the gradual and functional loss of renal mass, affecting its physiology leading to clinical manifestations. The CKD reaches dogs of several breeds causing important clinical alterations. Some laboratory tests are determinant for the correct diagnosis and thus for the implementation of the most appropriate treatment. The urinalysis, urinary protein-creatinine ratio (UPC) evaluation, urea, and creatinine dosage together with the symmetric dimethylarginine dosage (SDMA), urinary tract ultrasonography and blood pressure monitoring, are the main methods used for diagnosis. In this way, this work aimed to report a case of CKD in a Teckel dog attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Jataí (UFJ), discussing the main clinical manifestations, laboratory, and image alterations, as well as the correct staging according to IRIS (Interest Renal International Society), from which the best treatment option to be adopted is determined.

Fibrous osteodystrophy due to secondary renal hyperparathyroidism in a senile dog

“…In addition to the functions of glomerular filtration, with excretion of compounds through the urine and reabsorption through the proximal tubules, the kidneys have an endocrine function, act in the maintenance of blood pressure through the renin angiotensin aldosterone system and are involved in the regulation of the acid-base state (Alves et al, 2014;Sargent et al, 2021). Therefore, the decrease and/or loss of renal function culminates in the interruption of these physiological processes and compounds that should be excreted are retained, such as phosphorus and creatinine, while water and proteins are eliminated (Bartges, 2012;Moraes et al, 2020).…”

“…In the hematological evaluation, it is possible to detect azotemia, non-regenerative anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia or hypokalemia, and metabolic acidosis. On urinalysis, decreased ability to concentrate urine, cylindruria, and proteinuria, the latter associated with a worse prognosis (Polzin, 2011;Moraes et al, 2020). Due to the irreversible and progressive character of CKD, the treatment is symptomatic and lifelong (Bartges, 2012;Dunaevich et al, 2020).…”