Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability and Associated Conditions: A Rationale for Treatment

Abstract

This study confirms the frequency of conditions associated with lateral ankle instability and emphasizes several conditions that have received little attention in the literature. Identifying these associated conditions before surgery enables the surgeon to treat all conditions at one operation, returning the patient to full activity sooner. Guidelines are presented to assist clinicians in screening patients for these associated conditions.

The Effect of an Ossicle of the Lateral Malleolus on Ligament Reconstruction of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability

“…4,22 However, in cases with ankle instability, ossicles are found in 10 to 38.5%. 5,25 Such ossicles are embedded within the fibers of the ATFL, 13 and are usually removed before reconstructing the lateral ligaments. However, the relationship between the presence or the size of an ossicle and the outcome of ligament reconstruction has not been studied.…”

Split Peroneus Brevis Tendon: An Unusual Cause of Ankle Pain and Instability

“…7,8 Ligamentous injuries may lead to chronic ankle instability, which increases the risk of recurrent sprains and additional injury. 6 The duration of ankle instability and pain are related to the increased likelihood of having a split or tear of the ligament.…”

Positioning Technique for Combined Anterior, Lateral, and Posterior Ankle and Hindfoot Procedures: Technique Tip

“…Peroneal tendon injuries occurred with the highest frequency (28%), followed by os trigonum lesions (13%), lateral gutter ossicles (10%), hindfoot varus alignment (8%), and tarsal coalitions (2%). 8 Common associated conditions include talar osteochondral lesions, ankle synovitis, and ankle impingement. 2 Failure to recognize and treat these associated conditions at the index procedure may lead to continued pain and poor outcome.…”

“…[6][7] Interestingly, intraarticular and extra-articular pathology frequently present concurrently. Strauss et al 8 described several associated ankle pathologies which were unrecognized at the index procedure and identified subsequent to initial lateral ankle ligament reconstruction.…”