Chronic lesions and ACTH: effects of thyroid hormones and electrical stimulation

D'Angelo, SA; Young, Robert L.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1966.210.4.795

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Effects on growth and the reproductive system As described by other investigators (D'Angelo & Traum, 1958;D'Angelo, 1959;D'Angelo & Young, 1966), hyperphagia and obesity usually developed in rats after destruction of the tuberai hypothalamus. Thirty days after lesioning, body weight was increased by about 50%, and was more than doubled 90 days postoperatively (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Severe damage to the median eminence and adjacent portions of the tuberai hypothalamus provokes a different constellation of endocrine effects in the rat. Obesity, ovarian and uterine atrophy and reduction in weight of the pituitary eventually result (D 'Angelo & Traum, 1958;D'Angelo, 1959;D'Angelo & Young, 1966). Pituitary LH content is reduced drastically 2-3 months after the median eminence is destroyed, plasma LH is not detectable and the pituitary is unable to augment synthesis and release of LH after ovariectomy (Taleisnik & McCann, 1961).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic Median Eminence Lesions and Ovariectomy: Effects on Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Rat

Cramer¹,

Traum²,

D'Angelo³

1971

Journal of Endocrinology

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Pituitary and serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations were determined by the Steelman\p=m-\Pohley ovarian augmentation bioassay method in normal adult rats and in rats subjected to ovariectomy and/or electrolytic lesioning of the tuberal hypothalamus 10, 30 or 90 days previously. Ovariectomy resulted in a rapid, significant increase in FSH concentration of the adenohypophysis. Pituitary FSH concentrations were increased sixfold 10 and 30 days after ovariectomy and by 90 days were increased by 700%. (Hormone stores in the adenohypophysis increased correspondingly.) Serum FSH levels in ovariectomized rats also increased but at a slower rate. Ten days after ovariectomy, serum FSH levels were still normal. Thirty and ninety days postoperatively, serum FSH titres were doubled and quintupled, respectively. Chronic median eminence lesions eventually caused obesity, a marked atrophy of the reproductive system and significant increase in the FSH concentration of the adenohypophysis. Follicle-stimulating hormone was not detected in the sera of rats with short\x=req-\ term lesions but serum hormone levels were in the normal range 30 and 90 days after the lesions were made.Complete destruction of the median eminence in ovariectomized rats was associated with further increase in pituitary FSH concentration and content. Ninety days after simultaneous lesioning and ovariectomy, FSH concentration of the adenohypophysis was almost twice that of the ovariectomized control and the hormone content was about 14 times that in the normal pituitary. In contrast, the raised FSH serum levels observed after long-term ovariectomy were significantly reduced (50 %). It is concluded that chronic median eminence lesions which induce obesity and ovarian atrophy in rats differentially affect synthesis and release of FSH by the adenohypophysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Median Eminence Lesions and Ovariectomy: Effects on Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Rat

Cramer¹,

Traum²,

D'Angelo³

1971

Journal of Endocrinology

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Hyperphagia, Rage, and Dementia Accompanying a Ventromedial Hypothalamic Neoplasm

Reeves¹,

Plum²

1969

Archives of Neurology

234

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The effects of hyperthyroidism on the fine structure of the zona fasciculata of the rat adrenal cortex

Moore

Callas

1972

Anat. Rec.

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Chronic hyperthyroidism was induced in radiothyroidectomized and surgically thyroidectomized adult male rats by feeding a diet of 0 3 4 . 4 % desiccated thyroid for four to ten week periods. Short term hyperthyroidism was induced in intact rats by the intraperitoneal injection of 250 pg/day of sodium levothyroxine for ten days. Adrenal glands were fixed by perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde and post-fixed in 1 % osmium tetroxide. The zona fasciculata of the adrenal glands from experimental and control animals was examined in the electron microscope. Drastic mitochondrial alterations characterized the zona fasciculata of hyperthyroid rats. Initially, mitochondria became more nearly round and contained increased numbers of paracrystalline tubular inclusions of the type described by Kjaerheim ('67) and Wheatley ('68).In more altered states many mitochondria were filled with clusters of parallel tubular cristae of varying complexity which at times enveloped islands of mitochondrial matrix and fingers of cytoplasm which projected into the mitochondrion. Aggregations of numerous mitochondria occupied much of the cytoplasm of highly altered cells. Modifications of this nature have not been described following ACTH stimulation of the adrenal cortex. This raises the distinct possibility that thyroid effects on the adrenal cortex are not entirely ACTH mediated.Since the observations of Hoskins ('10) it has been known that the administration of thyroid material to animals results in the hypertrophy of their adrenal glands. Adrenocortical hypertrophy after treatment with thyroxine or desiccated thyroid has been demonstrated in the rat (Cohen, '35 Although reports on the effects and the mechanism of thyroid-adrenal interaction have often conflicted, there can now be little doubt that thyroid hormone does have an influence on the adrenal cortex. The alterations in histology and function reported by numerous investigators should almost certainly be accompanied by changes in ultrastructure; however, no ultrastructural studies in support of such a conclusion have been recorded to this date. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to describe the effects of hyperthyroidism on the fine structure of the rat adrenal cortex and possibly to shed additional light on the mechanism of thyroid-adrenal relationships. Although all zones of the adrenal cortex were examined, observations described in this report are limited to the zona fasciculata. MATERIALS AND METHODSAnimals used in this experiment were Tex/SDD adult male albino rats weighing 250-300 gm at the onset of the experiment. Alteration in available thyroid secretion was achieved by surgical thyroidectomy or radiothyroidectomy followed by treatment with desiccated thyroid and by thyroxine administration to intact animals. Short term hyperthyroidism was produced in two intact animals by the intraperitoneal injection of 250 pg of sodium levothyroxine per day for ten days. These animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection. Long term hyperthyroidi...

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Chronic lesions and ACTH: effects of thyroid hormones and electrical stimulation

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Chronic Median Eminence Lesions and Ovariectomy: Effects on Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Rat

Chronic Median Eminence Lesions and Ovariectomy: Effects on Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Rat

Hyperphagia, Rage, and Dementia Accompanying a Ventromedial Hypothalamic Neoplasm

The effects of hyperthyroidism on the fine structure of the zona fasciculata of the rat adrenal cortex

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