Chronic Lyme Disease: A Review

Marques, Adriana

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.12.011

Cited by 178 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…34,46,[91][92][93][94][95][96] The inflammatory reaction of neuroborreliosis is postulated by some to be one of the etiologies for a very broad spectrum of neurologic disorders. These include the amyloid deposition of Alzheimer disease, MS, autism, and neuropsychiatric illness.…”

Section: Chronic Lyme Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Manifestations of a Rapidly Emerging Zoonosis

Hildenbrand¹,

Craven²,

Jones³

et al. 2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

170

118

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SUMMARY:Lyme disease has a worldwide distribution and is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. Incidence, clinical manifestations, and presentations vary by geography, season, and recreational habits. Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is neurologic involvement secondary to systemic infection by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in the United States and by Borrelia garinii or Borrelia afzelii species in Europe. Enhanced awareness of the clinical presentation of Lyme disease allows inclusion of LNB in the imaging differential diagnosis of facial neuritis, multiple enhancing cranial nerves, enhancing noncompressive radiculitis, and pediatric leptomeningitis with white matter hyperintensities on MR imaging. The MR imaging white matter appearance of successfully treated LNB and multiple sclerosis display sufficient similarity to suggest a common autoimmune pathogenesis for both. This review highlights differences in the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of Lyme disease in the United States, Europe, and Asia, with an emphasis on neurologic manifestations and neuroimaging.

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Section: Chronic Lyme Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Manifestations of a Rapidly Emerging Zoonosis

Hildenbrand¹,

Craven²,

Jones³

et al. 2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

170

118

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“…Lyme disease is a debilitating multisystemic disorder that most commonly presents itself as skin lesions (erythema migrans), and ultimately it is followed by arthritis, carditis, and nervous system manifestations (7)(8)(9)(10). In nature, B. burgdorferi is maintained in an enzootic cycle involving a mammalian reservoir and tick vector.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Heterogeneity Is a Requirement for Host Superinfection by the Lyme Disease Spirochete

Rogovskyy

Bankhead

2014

Infect Immun

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In nature, mixed Borrelia burgdorferi infections are common and possibly can be acquired by either superinfection or coinfection. Superinfection by heterologous B. burgdorferi strains has been established experimentally, although the ability of homologous B. burgdorferi clones to superinfect a host has not been studied in detail. Information regarding any potential immune barriers to secondary infection also currently is unavailable. In the present study, the ability to superinfect various mouse models by homologous wild-type clones was examined and compared to superinfection by heterologous strains. To assess the ability of homologous B. burgdorferi clones to successfully superinfect a mouse host, primary-and secondary-infecting spirochetes were recovered via in vitro cultivation of collected blood or tissue samples. This was accomplished by generating two different antibiotic-resistant versions of the wild-type B31-A3 clone in order to distinguish superinfecting B. burgdorferi from primary-infecting spirochetes. The data demonstrate an inability of homologous B. burgdorferi to superinfect immunocompetent mice as opposed to heterologous strains. Attempts to superinfect different types of immunodeficient mice with homologous B. burgdorferi indicate that the murine innate immune system represents a major barrier to intrastrain superinfection. Consequently, the possibility of innate immunity as a driving force for B. burgdorferi heterogeneity during the enzootic cycle is discussed.

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“…By this account, if some symptoms and disability continued through or recurred after appropriate antibiotic therapy, this plausibly was a postinfection phenomenon, such as Reiter's syndrome and Syndenham's chorea. In the case of B. burgdorferi infection, this was termed "post-Lyme disease syndrome" (6,7). The other side of the dispute generally preferred the term "chronic Lyme disease," with its implication of ongoing infection (8).…”

Section: The Controversymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remains of infection

Barbour¹

2012

J. Clin. Invest.

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Chronic Lyme Disease: A Review

Cited by 178 publications

References 72 publications

Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Manifestations of a Rapidly Emerging Zoonosis

Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Manifestations of a Rapidly Emerging Zoonosis

Bacterial Heterogeneity Is a Requirement for Host Superinfection by the Lyme Disease Spirochete

Remains of infection

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