Chronic mumps virus encephalitisMumps antibody levels in cerebrospinal fluid

Julkunen, Ilkka; Koskiniemi, Marjaleena; Lehtokoski-Lehtiniemi, Eeva; Sainio, Kimmo; Vaheri, Antti

doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(85)80057-6

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It has been reported that certain genotypes of the mumps virus (type C and D) exhibit greater neurovirulence than others (genotype A) (Tecle et al, 1998). Mumps have been reported to be associated with long-term difficulties with memory and other neurological sequelae in humans (Julkunen et al, 1985). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood infection and adult schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of population-based studies

Khandaker

Zimbron

Dalman

et al. 2012

Schizophrenia Research

227

155

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ObjectiveTo determine whether exposures to infectious illness during childhood involving the CNS or elsewhere is associated with adult schizophrenia or other psychoses.MethodSystematic review and meta-analysis of published literature identified by electronic and manual search meeting three inclusion criteria: population-base, objective assessment of childhood infection at the individual level, standard definition of adult psychotic outcomes. We calculated risk ratio for all CNS infection, and separately for viral and bacterial infection in relation to non-affective psychosis and schizophrenia, which was combined in meta-analysis.ResultsSeven studies were included. Meta-analysis involving 2424 cases and over 1.2 million controls showed CNS viral infection was associated with nearly two-fold increased risk of adult non-affective psychosis (risk ratio 1.70; 95% CI 1.13–2.55; p = 0.01). There was no significant heterogeneity between studies (p = 0.26; I2 = 20%). Separate meta-analysis involving 1035 cases and over 1.2 million controls suggested all childhood CNS infections, particularly viral infections, may be associated with nearly two-fold risk of adult schizophrenia. However, there was evidence of some heterogeneity between these studies (p = 0.07; I2 = 70%). CNS bacterial infections were not associated with risk of psychosis. Data on childhood infections with no obvious involvement of the CNS is insufficient.ConclusionsThese findings indicate childhood CNS viral infections increase the risk of adult psychotic illness. Possible mechanisms may include both direct effects of pathogens, and the effects of inflammatory response on the developing brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood infection and adult schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of population-based studies

Khandaker

Zimbron

Dalman

et al. 2012

Schizophrenia Research

227

155

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“…In such models, neurovirulent genotypes can also cause persistent infections of neurons and induce developmental disturbances (for a review, see reference 26). According to the report by Julkunen and coworkers (27), the frequency or severity of sequelae following mumps encephalitis can be high. In their Finnish cohort, 23 of 47 patients examined 1-15 years after the disease experienced difficulties in memory and learning, focal motor or sensory signs, or loss of hearing and visual acuity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections in the CNS During Childhood and the Risk of Subsequent Psychotic Illness: A Cohort Study of More Than One Million Swedish Subjects

Dalman¹,

Allebeck²,

Gunnell³

et al. 2008

AJP

214

127

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“…Mumps virus (MuV) is self-limited; the majority of patients experience full recovery and obtain lifelong immunity (Su et al, 2020). However, chronic complications such as myositis (Chou, 1986), chronic arthritis (Huppertz and Chantler, 1991) and encephalitis (Julkunen et al, 1985) occur in MuV-infected patients, causing disabling long-term sequelae (dysfunction in muscle, joint tissue and the central nervous system) as consequences of persistent infection. These diseases do not arise due to an immediate effect of the infection, such as in parotitis, but develop months or years after natural infection, or vaccination in immunodeficient patients (Morfopoulou et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of stress-induced reactivation in mumps virus condensates

Zhang

Sridharan

Zagoriy

et al. 2021

Preprint

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SummaryViruses can establish both acute and persistent chronic infections, and some viruses have developed the ability to switch between the two. However, the molecular mechanisms that trigger a transition from a benign chronic infection into pathogenesis remain unknown. Here we investigated the role of the cellular stress response in provoking a chronic-to-acute transition in viral replication in a model of mumps virus infection. Using a combination of cell biology, whole-cell proteomics and cryo-electron tomography we show that stress induces phosphorylation of the disordered viral Phosphoprotein, which we suggest facilitates partitioning of the viral polymerase into preformed viral condensates, constituting the core components of the viral replication machinery. This occurs concomitantly with a conformational change in the viral nucleocapsids that exposes the viral genome and can further facilitate its replication. These changes in the viral condensate upon exogenous stress, accompanied by down-regulation of the host antiviral response, provide an environment that supports up-regulation of viral replication and virion release. Thus, we elucidate molecular and structural mechanisms of a stress-mediated switch that disrupts the equilibrium between the virome and the host in chronic infection.

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Chronic mumps virus encephalitisMumps antibody levels in cerebrospinal fluid

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Childhood infection and adult schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of population-based studies

Childhood infection and adult schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of population-based studies

Infections in the CNS During Childhood and the Risk of Subsequent Psychotic Illness: A Cohort Study of More Than One Million Swedish Subjects

Molecular mechanisms of stress-induced reactivation in mumps virus condensates

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