Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with chromosomal changes involving lp36 and hepatocellular carcinoma in a case of Fanconi's anemia

Bessho, Fumio; Mizutani, Shuki; Hayashi, Yasuhide; Moriwaki, Kohichi; Yokota, Shigeru; Inaba, Toshiya

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1989.tb01476.x

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

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Fanconi's anemia and malignancies

1996

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Patients with Fanconi's anemia (FA) are at a high risk for development of malignancies. It is well-known that leukemia occurs in-10% of cases, with increasing risk with age. Less commonly recognized is the risk for myelodysplastic syndromes (-5%); the relationship between myelodysplasia and evolution to leukemia remains speculative. What also needs to be emphasized is that older patients have an ever-increasing risk for development of solid tumors, with at least 5% reported to have liver tumors (ma1e:female ratio, 2:l) and an equal number of other cancers (fema1e:male ratio, 3 1 , even afler exclusion of gynecologic malignancies). Hematologists have tended to focus on aplastic anemia and leukemia. As FA patients live longer, more of the other malignancies will occur, perhaps related to cord blood or bone marrow transplant, or treatment with cytokines. This review identifies the types of tumors for which patients with Fanconi's anemia are at risk.

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Fanconi's anemia and malignancies

1996

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Androgens and liver tumors: Fanconi's anemia and non‐Fanconi's conditions

2004

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The association between anabolic androgenic steroids and liver tumors was first noted in patients with Fanconi's anemia (FA). The hypotheses which led to this review were as follows: (1) androgen-treated individuals who do not have FA are also at risk of liver tumors; (2) parenteral as well as oral androgens may be responsible for liver tumors; (3) FA patients develop liver tumors after smaller and briefer androgen exposure than non-FA individuals; (4) the risk of hepatic neoplasms may depend on the specific androgen. Medline and Web of Science were searched for all cases of liver tumors associated with androgens. Information from individual cases was entered into a spreadsheet and descriptive statistical analyses were performed. Thirty-six FA cases and 97 non-FA cases with both nonhematologic disorders and acquired aplastic anemia (non-FA AA) were identified. The most common androgens were oxymetholone, methyltestosterone, and danazol. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) were more often associated with oxymetholone and methyltestosterone, while adenomas were associated with danazol. Tumors were reported in six patients who received only parenteral and not oral androgens. FA patients were younger than non-FA patients when androgen use was initiated, and the FA patients developed tumors at younger ages. Non-AA patients were treated with androgens for longer periods of time, compared with FA and non-FA AA patients. All patients on anabolic androgenic steroids are at risk of liver tumors, regardless of underlying diagnosis. The magnitude of the risk cannot be determined from currently available data, because the number of patients receiving androgens is unknown. Am.

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Cancer in Fanconi anemia, 1927–2001

Alter

2003

Cancer

405

267

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BACKGROUND. Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease associatedwith an abnormal response to DNA damage. Although FA is well known for the association of aplastic anemia and characteristic birth defects, leukemia and solid tumors also occur at a high rate in this group of patients. A review of all reported cases is informative with regard to the specific types of cancer, the ages at which they occur, and the cumulative probability of their development. METHODS.Medline and bibliographies of publications were searched for articles containing "Fanconi's anemia" or "aplastic anemia" and all cases of FA from 1927 through 2001 were included in the database. Cancer cases were identified within these reports. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using Stata7 software. RESULTS.One thousand three hundred cases of FA were identified. Nine percent had leukemia (primarily acute myeloid leukemia), 7% had myelodysplastic syndrome, 5% had solid tumors, and 3% had liver tumors. Patients with cancer were older than the cancer-free patients at the time of diagnosis of FA. The median age for cancer (including leukemia) was 16, compared with 68 in the general population. The most frequent solid tumors were aerodigestive and gynecological carcinomas. In approximately 25% of patients with cancer, the malignancy preceded the diagnosis of FA. CONCLUSIONS.If the competing risks of aplastic anemia and leukemia could be removed, the estimated cumulative probability of development of a solid tumor in

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Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with chromosomal changes involving lp36 and hepatocellular carcinoma in a case of Fanconi's anemia

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Fanconi's anemia and malignancies

Fanconi's anemia and malignancies

Androgens and liver tumors: Fanconi's anemia and non‐Fanconi's conditions

Cancer in Fanconi anemia, 1927–2001

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