Chronic N-amended soils exhibit an altered bacterial community structure in Harvard Forest, MA, USA

Agricultural soil is often subjected to waterlogging after heavy rainfalls, resulting in sharp and explosive increases in the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas primarily released from agricultural soil ecosystems. Previous studies on waterlogged soil examined the abundance of denitrifiers but not the composition of denitrifier communities in soil. Also, the PCR primers used in those studies could only detect partial groups of denitrifiers. Here, we performed pyrosequencing analyses with the aid of recently developed PCR primers exhibiting high coverage for three denitrification genes, nirK, nirS, and nosZ to examine the effect of short-term waterlogging on denitrifier communities in soil. We found that microbial communities harboring denitrification genes in the top 5 cm of soil distributed according to soil depth, water-soluble carbon, and nitrate nitrogen. Short-term waterlogging scarcely affected abundance, richness, or the alpha-diversities of microbial communities harboring nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes, but significantly affected their composition, particularly in microbial communities at soil depths of 0 to 1 cm. Our results indicated that the composition of denitrifying microbial communities but not the abundance of denitrifiers in soil was responsive to short-term waterlogging of an agricultural soil ecosystem.

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“…Microbial-community composition is often sensitive to the addition of nitrogen 52, 53 . Fierer et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of denitrifying bacterial communities to short-term waterlogging of soils

Wang

Uchida

Shimomura

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Gelsomino et al (2006) reported that the increase of total N observed in soils flooded with wastewater was concomitant with a decrease in the genetic diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria when compared to controls. However, the addition of ammonium nitrate to soils was shown to in-crease the bacterial richness (Turlapati et al, 2013). Friedel et al (2000) studying a soil irrigated with wastewater for more than 18 years demonstrated that denitrifying activity was stimulated comparing to those under rainfed agriculture.…”

Section: Nitrogen Phosphorus and Other Plant Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater reuse in irrigation: A microbiological perspective on implications in soil fertility and human and environmental health

Becerra-Castro

Lopes

Vaz‐Moreira

et al. 2015

Environment International

430

211

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The reuse of treated wastewater, in particular for irrigation, is an increasingly common practice, encouraged by governments and official entities worldwide. Irrigation with wastewater may have implications at two different levels: alter the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the soil and/or introduce and contribute to the accumulation of chemical and biological contaminants in soil. The first may affect soil productivity and fertility; the second may pose serious risks to the human and environmental health. The sustainable wastewater reuse in agriculture should prevent both types of effects, requiring a holistic and integrated risk assessment. In this article we critically review possible effects of irrigation with treated wastewater, with special emphasis on soil microbiota. The maintenance of a rich and diversified autochthonous soil microbiota and the use of treated wastewater with minimal levels of potential soil contaminants are proposed as sine qua non conditions to achieve a sustainable wastewater reuse for irrigation.

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“…Changes in the aboveground tree productivity of both stands was accompanied by changes in the belowground (i.e., soil) fungal and microbial biomass at the HF site (Frey et al, 2004; Wallenstein et al, 2006). In both soil horizons (organic and mineral) at the N-amended hardwood stand, significant rearrangements in bacterial community structure were observed after 20 years of annual N treatment (Turlapati et al, 2013). Biochemical analysis of foliage revealed that Put concentrations were reflective of N storage in most species, and in some, the increase was additive from the response to Ca ++ deficiency caused by soil nutrient leaching.…”

Section: Polyamines As Metabolic Markers Of Long-term Environmental Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines and abiotic stress in plants: a complex relationship1

2014

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The physiological relationship between abiotic stress in plants and polyamines was reported more than 40 years ago. Ever since there has been a debate as to whether increased polyamines protect plants against abiotic stress (e.g., due to their ability to deal with oxidative radicals) or cause damage to them (perhaps due to hydrogen peroxide produced by their catabolism). The observation that cellular polyamines are typically elevated in plants under both short-term as well as long-term abiotic stress conditions is consistent with the possibility of their dual effects, i.e., being protectors from as well as perpetrators of stress damage to the cells. The observed increase in tolerance of plants to abiotic stress when their cellular contents are elevated by either exogenous treatment with polyamines or through genetic engineering with genes encoding polyamine biosynthetic enzymes is indicative of a protective role for them. However, through their catabolic production of hydrogen peroxide and acrolein, both strong oxidizers, they can potentially be the cause of cellular harm during stress. In fact, somewhat enigmatic but strong positive relationship between abiotic stress and foliar polyamines has been proposed as a potential biochemical marker of persistent environmental stress in forest trees in which phenotypic symptoms of stress are not yet visible. Such markers may help forewarn forest managers to undertake amelioration strategies before the appearance of visual symptoms of stress and damage at which stage it is often too late for implementing strategies for stress remediation and reversal of damage. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the published literature on interactions between abiotic stress and polyamines in plants, and examines the experimental strategies used to understand the functional significance of this relationship with the aim of improving plant productivity, especially under conditions of abiotic stress.

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Chronic N-amended soils exhibit an altered bacterial community structure in Harvard Forest, MA, USA

Cited by 79 publications

References 87 publications

Responses of denitrifying bacterial communities to short-term waterlogging of soils

Responses of denitrifying bacterial communities to short-term waterlogging of soils

Wastewater reuse in irrigation: A microbiological perspective on implications in soil fertility and human and environmental health

Polyamines and abiotic stress in plants: a complex relationship1

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