Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Thin-Section CT Measurement of Airway Wall Thickness and Lung Attenuation

Orlandi, Ilaria; Moroni, Chiara; Camiciottoli, Gianna; Bartolucci, Maurizio; Pistolesi, Massimo; Villari, Natale; Mascalchi, Mario

doi:10.1148/radiol.2342040013

Cited by 162 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The CT measurement of airway wall dimensions was estimated to play a front-line role in the study of COPD because airway remodelling represents the major reason for airflow limitation [17][18][19]21]. In our study, bronchial wall thickening was diagnosed approximately as often in chest radiography (58%) as in CT (64%) and-similar to other investigations [27]-as a major finding.…”

Section: Tobacco Burden and Dirty Chestsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The pathological entity of smokeinduced RB-ILD is also called ''smokers' bronchiolitis'' as it is seen almost exclusively in current or former smokers. While numerous publications have investigated the CT appearance of emphysematous changes of the lung parenchyma [16,17] or alterations of the bronchial walls [18][19][20][21], less attention has been directed to the abnormalities of chest radiographs caused by chronic bronchitis or RB-ILD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The “dirty chest”—correlations between chest radiography, multislice CT and tobacco burden

Kirchner

Goltz²,

Lorenz³

et al. 2012

BJR

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Objectives: Cigarette smoking-induced airway disease commonly results in an overall increase of non-specific lung markings on chest radiography. This has been described as ''dirty chest''. As the morphological substrate of this condition is similar to the anthracosilicosis of coal workers, we hypothesised that it is possible to quantify the radiological changes using the International Labour Organization (ILO) classification of pneumoconiosis. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the extent of cigarette smoking and increased lung markings on chest radiography and to correlate the chest radiographic scores with findings on CT studies. Methods: In a prospective analysis a cohort of 85 smokers was examined. The cigarette consumption was evaluated in pack years (defined as 20 cigarettes per day over 1 year). Film reading was performed by two board-certified radiologists. Chest radiographs were evaluated for the presence of thickening of bronchial walls, the presence of linear or nodular opacities, and emphysema. To correlate the smoking habits with the increase of overall lung markings in chest radiography, the ILO profusion score was converted to numbers ranging from zero to nine. Chest radiographs were rated according to the complete set of standard films of the revised ILO classification. Results: 63/85 (74%) of the smokers showed an increase in overall lung markings on chest radiography; 32 (37%) had an ILO profusion score of ,1/1, 29 (34%) had an ILO profusion score of ,2/2 and 2 (2%) had an ILO score of $2/2. There was a significant positive linear correlation between the increase of overall lung markings on chest radiography and the cigarette consumption quantified as pack years (r50.68). The majority of the heavy smokers (.40 pack years) showed emphysema; there was no significant difference between the prevalence of emphysema as diagnosed by CT (62%) or chest radiography (71%) (p,0.05).The most common findings in CT were thickening of bronchial walls (64%) and the presence of emphysema (62%) and of intralobular opacities (61%). Ground-glass opacities were seen in only 7% of our patients. Conclusion: Bronchial wall thickening and intralobular opacities as seen in CT showed a positive linear correlation with the increase of overall lung markings on chest radiography.

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Section: Tobacco Burden and Dirty Chestsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “dirty chest”—correlations between chest radiography, multislice CT and tobacco burden

Kirchner

Goltz²,

Lorenz³

et al. 2012

BJR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…20 Airway dimensions were measured using the method described in previous studies 21,22 with a modification. The cross-section of the right B1 bronchus, which appeared on the HRCT film was scanned, and the images were magnified 50 times for the following measurements.…”

Section: Analysis Of Airwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of serotonin transporter gene variation with smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its depressive symptoms

et al. 2010

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A serotonin transporter gene, SLC6A4, is thought to be related to nicotine dependence and depression, one of the comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To investigate the association between SLC6A4 variation and tobacco consumption, susceptibility to COPD, and depression status. In all, 247 patients with COPD and 119 control subjects were genotyped for 5 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SLC6A4. We analyzed the correlation between these genotypes and COPD, using the results of a pulmonary function test or chest computed tomography; data on tobacco consumption (packyears); and the depression score based on the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) after adjusting for age, gender, and smoking status (and pack-years, when appropriate). The rare allele rs2020936 was significantly associated with COPD incidence in the trend model (P¼0.003; odds ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-3.74). This allele was also associated with the number of pack-years (P¼0.026). The major allele of another SNP of SLC6A4, namely rs3794808, correlated with the HADS depression score (P¼0.016). We conclude that SLC6A4 variation affects COPD pathogenesis, and this effect depends partly on tobacco consumption. SLC6A4 variation also affects depressive symptoms. SLC6A4 could be modified to prevent COPD and treat the depressive symptoms of COPD.

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“…COXSON et al [95] measured all cross-sectioned airways and reported a similar result in a large group of obstructed index patients and their smoking siblings, and, in addition, observed that the airway and parenchymal phenotypes showed familial concordance, suggesting that the susceptibility to develop emphysema or airway disease is heritable. Recently, ORLANDI et al [96] found that patients with COPD who have chronic bronchitis have increased airway wall thickening in comparison with more severely obstructed patients without chronic bronchitis. Conversely, COPD patients without chronic bronchitis had a more significant decrease in lung attenuation.…”

Section: Airway Imaging In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomographic imaging of the airways: relationship to structure and function

Jong

Müller²,

Paré³

et al. 2005

Eur Respir J

157

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Alterations in the structure of the airways, collectively termed airway remodelling, contribute to airflow obstruction in a variety of chronic lung diseases. While histology has provided valuable insights into the structure of airway wall remodelling, this technique is invasive and does not allow the longitudinal analysis of airway wall dimensions. Technical advances in computed tomography allow the assessment of airway wall dimensions, and are ideally suited for the noninvasive investigation of the pathogenesis of airway wall remodelling and the evaluation of new therapeutic interventions. The aim of this article is to review the use of computed tomography in the investigation of airway structure and function in health and disease.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Thin-Section CT Measurement of Airway Wall Thickness and Lung Attenuation

Cited by 162 publications

References 25 publications

The “dirty chest”—correlations between chest radiography, multislice CT and tobacco burden

The “dirty chest”—correlations between chest radiography, multislice CT and tobacco burden

Association of serotonin transporter gene variation with smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its depressive symptoms

Computed tomographic imaging of the airways: relationship to structure and function

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