Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Potential Role of Microbial Dysbiosis and Recommendations for Sampling Sites

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition that affects up to 12% of the human population in developed countries. Previous studies examining the potential role of the sinus bacterial microbiota within CRS infections have found inconsistent results, possibly because of inconsistencies in sampling strategies. The aim of this study was to determine whether the sinus microbiome is altered in CRS and additionally if the middle meatus is a suitable representative site for sampling the sinus microbiome. Swab samples were collected from 12 healthy controls and 21 CRS patients, including all eight sinuses for CRS patients and between one and five sinuses for control subjects. The left and right middle meatus and nostril swabs were also collected. Significant differences in the sinus microbiomes between CRS and control samples were revealed using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The genus Escherichia was over-represented in CRS sinuses, and associations between control patients and Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum were also identified. Comparisons of the middle meatuses between groups did not reflect these differences, and the abundance of the genus Escherichia was significantly lower at this location. Additionally, intra-patient variation was lower between sinuses than between sinus and middle meatus, which together with the above results suggests that the middle meatus is not an effective representative sampling site.

Microbiological indoor air quality in an office building in Gliwice, Poland: analysis of the case study

“…Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum is a dust-borne Corynebacterium found in households (Pakarinen et al 2008) and is reported as one of the main constituents of the skin microbiome (Park et al 2014). However, the pathogenic potential of C. tuberculostearicum was also found and confirmed (Abreu et al 2012) as relating to childhood asthma and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (Ege et al 2012;Copeland et al 2018). Bacillus pseudomycoides belongs to the group Bacillus cereus, which consists of six different closely related species (Ankolekar et al 2009).…”

“…Identification of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum in a room with air-conditioning indicates the presence of people with sinusitis in this type of room (Copeland et al 2018). These are diseases with unspecified etiology, often preceded by inflammation of the nasal mucosa.…”

Association of the sinonasal bacterial microbiome with clinical outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review

“…Joss et al 29 . and Copeland et al 22 . collected swabs from all sinuses as well as from the nostrils.…”

Antibiotic-dependent relationships between nasal microbiome and secreted proteome in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps

“…Copeland et al . (Copeland et al 2018) reported that Shannon diversity was significantly increased in CRSsNP patients compared to that in control and CRSwNP patients. Moreover, a number of previous studies(Biswas et al 2017; Hoggard et al 2017; Chalermwatanachai et al 2018; Gan et al 2019; Rom et al 2019) indicated that alpha diversity was increased, decreased, or unchanged in CRS compared to that in control, and this was dependent upon the alpha diversity index.…”

“…For the medical treatment of CRS, antibiotics such as penicillins/betalactams and macrolides were prescribed in about 70% of CRS visits(Smith et al 2013). However, most of previous metagenomic analyses(Aurora et al 2013; Choi et al 2014; Biswas et al 2015; Ramakrishnan et al 2015; Biswas et al 2017; Cope et al 2017; Hoggard et al 2017; Jain et al 2017; Lal et al 2017; Ramakrishnan et al 2017; Chalermwatanachai et al 2018; Copeland et al 2018; Koeller et al 2018; Mahdavinia et al 2018; Biswas et al 2019; Gan et al 2019; Paramasivan et al 2019; Rom et al 2019) examining CRS excluded patients who had taken antibiotics within approximately one month prior to sampling. Here, we performed metagenomics and proteomics analyses using nasal secretions in healthy control and CRS patients.…”