Chronic Stress and Illness in Children

Johnston-Brooks, Catharine; Lewis, Megan A.; Evans, Gary W.; Whalen, Carol K.

doi:10.1097/00006842-199809000-00015

Cited by 83 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…They found that the amount of morphine received was indeed the best predictor of the future development of PTSD. Other studies have supported the relationship between chronic psychologic and environmental stress and health and well-being in children in non-medical populations [14]. Such studies emphasize that children may be particularly vulnerable to the impact of stress on chronic health conditions.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 93%

What are the psychiatric sequelae of burn pain?

Askay

Patterson²

2008

Current Science Inc

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Burn injuries and their subsequent treatment cause one of the most excruciating forms of pain imaginable. Practitioners in the field have been concerned about the suboptimal management of acute pain in this population. Recent studies have shown that greater levels of acute pain are associated with negative long-term psychologic effects such as depression, suicidal ideation, and post-traumatic stress disorder for as long as 2 years after the initial burn injury. Research in other non-burn trauma populations has also pointed to the potential for unmanaged acute pain to delay wound healing and lead to other medical complications, such as infection and extended hospitalization period. The concept of allostatic load is presented as a potential explanation for the relationship between acute pain and subsequent psychologic and physiologic outcomes. A biopsychosocial model is also presented as a means of obtaining better inpatient pain management and helping to mediate this relationship.

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Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 93%

What are the psychiatric sequelae of burn pain?

Askay

Patterson²

2008

Current Science Inc

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“…When the body is under stress, allostasis, the body's ability to adapt to environmental demands [21], is threatened. When allostasis is threatened, undesirable changes may occur in the immune system [22].…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and language recovery in individuals with aphasia: constraint induced aphasia therapy

Sharp

Shaughnessy

Berk

et al. 2013

PTRS

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Objective: Constraint induced aphasia therapy (CIAT) is a more intensive form of language treatment for aphasia as compared to traditional treatments. This study examined whether there are differences in cortisol stress levels between the two methods of aphasia treatment as well as effects on language skills. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 20 participants with expressive aphasia were randomly placed into one of the two treatment groups. The CIAT group received 10 days of intensive treatment over two weeks. The traditional therapy group received 6 days of treatment over 2 weeks. All participants in each group provided salivary cortisol samples before treatment, at the mid-point of treatment, and at the conclusion of treatment. Language skills were assessed before treatment and at the conclusion of treatment. Results: A significantly higher proportion of individuals in the CIAT treatment group had increased salivary cortisol stress levels when compared to the traditional treatment group at the mid-point of the program (80% versus 30% respectively, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of individuals with increased cortisol stress by the end of the treatment. Language scores for word repetition and overall aphasia quotient significantly improved for the CIAT group when compared to the traditional group (p<0.05). Conclusions:The CIAT treatment appears to initially create increased psychophysiological stress as compared to the traditional treatment. In spite of the initial increases in psychophysiological stress, participants appear to become conditioned to the challenge and ultimately have enhanced benefit from CIAT treatment.

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“…An important new line of research involves the use of concomitant biological measures of allostatic load, such as glycosylated proteins, coagulation/fibrinolysis markers and immune markers [47]. Johnston-Brooks et al [48], for instance, associated household density as a chronic environmental stressor with cardiovascular reactivity as a marker of allostatic load and found a relationship with medical illness in children. The need of combining psychometric and biological measures in laboratory research involved with psychoneuroendocrinology of human disease has therefore emerged [49, 50].…”

Section: Psychosocial Factors Affecting Individual Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosomatic Medicine: Emerging Trends and Perspectives

Fava

Sonino

2000

Psychother Psychosom

130

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Developments have occurred in all aspects of psychosomatic medicine. Among factors affecting individual vulnerability to all types of disease, the following have been highlighted by recent research: recent and early life events, chronic stress and allostatic load, personality, psychological well-being, health attitudes and behavior. As to the interaction between psychological and biological factors in the course and outcome of disease, the presence of psychiatric (DSM-IV) as well as subclinical (Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research) symptoms, illness behavior and the impact on quality of life all need to be assessed. The prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of physical illness include the consideration for psychosomatic prevention, the treatment of psychiatric morbidity and abnormal illness behavior and the use of psychotropic drugs in the medically ill. In the past 60 years, psychosomatic medicine has addressed some fundamental questions, contributing to the growth of other related disciplines, such as psychoneuroendocrinology, psychoimmunology, consultation-liaison psychiatry, behavioral medicine, health psychology and quality of life research. Psychosomatic medicine may also provide a comprehensive frame of reference for several current issues of clinical medicine (the phenomenon of somatization, the increasing occurrence of mysterious symptoms, the demand for well-being and quality of life), including its new dialogue with mind-body and alternative medicine.

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Chronic Stress and Illness in Children

Abstract: Results provide the first evidence that CVR may mediate the relation between household density and medical illness in children. More generally, these findings support the role of allostasis as an underlying mechanism in the link between chronic stress and health.

Cited by 83 publications

References 41 publications

What are the psychiatric sequelae of burn pain?

What are the psychiatric sequelae of burn pain?

Stress and language recovery in individuals with aphasia: constraint induced aphasia therapy

Psychosomatic Medicine: Emerging Trends and Perspectives

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