Chronic suppurative otitis media in Nepal: ethnicity does not determine whether disease is associated with cholesteatoma or not

Thornton, David; Martín, Timothy; Amin, Parag; Haque, Sayeed; Wilson, Scott B.; Smith, Michael C.

doi:10.1017/s0022215110001878

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[ 2 , 4 ] Additionally, a substantial proportion of those with untreated CSOM (1–18%) develop serious complications including mastoid abscess, otitic meningitis, venous sinus thrombosis and cholesteatoma. [ 5 , 6 ] Approximately 28000 deaths are attributed to the complications of CSOM annually. [ 1 , 2 ] The complications of CSOM require specialist intervention, frequently unavailable in low-resource healthcare systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of paediatric chronic suppurative otitis media and hearing impairment in rural Malawi: A cross-sectional survey

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of World Health Organization-defined chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and mild hearing impairment in a population representative sample of school-entry age children in rural Malawi. A secondary objective was to explore factors associated with CSOM in this population.MethodsWe performed a community-based cross-sectional study of children aged 4–6 years in Chikhwawa District, Southern Malawi, utilising a village-level cluster design. Participants underwent a structured clinical assessment, including video-otoscopy and screening audiometry. Diagnoses were made remotely by two otolaryngologists who independently reviewed clinical data and images collected in the field. Hearing impairment was classified as failure to hear a pure tone of 25dB or greater at 1, 2 or 4kHz.ResultsWe recruited 281 children across 10 clusters. The prevalence estimates of CSOM, unilateral hearing impairment and bilateral hearing impairment were 5.4% (95%CI 2.2–8.6), 24.5% (95%CI 16.3–30.0), and 12.5% (95%CI 6.2–16.9) respectively. Middle ear disease was seen in 46.9% of children with hearing impairment. A trend towards increased risk of CSOM was observed with sleeping in a house with >2 other children.InterpretationWe found a high burden of middle ear disease and preventable hearing impairment in our sample of school-entry age children in rural Malawi. There are important public health implications of these findings as CSOM and hearing impairment can affect educational outcomes, and may impact subsequent development. The identification and management of middle ear disease and hearing impairment represent major unmet needs in this population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of paediatric chronic suppurative otitis media and hearing impairment in rural Malawi: A cross-sectional survey

et al. 2017

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“…In this study, patients were divided into two age groups i.e., less than equal to 10 years and more than or equal to 11 years. In contrast, one study carried in 2011 in Nepal included 6005 patients of CSOM but distribution varied with respect to age groups, ranging from less than 10 years to more than 50 years [17]. Among the 139 enrolled patients, the frequency of only two pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonae) was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Causality of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: An Observational Study

Ayaz¹,

Taj²,

Yaseen³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Chronic otorrhoea is a disease of the ear that lasts for more than 6-12 weeks, through a perforated tympanic membrane. We sought to determine the cause of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) at our institute. Methodology Ear swabs taken from enrolled patients (n=139) were sent for culture and sensitivity. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) Results Common pathogenic bacteria in chronic otitis media observed were Pseudomonas aeruginosa 81 (58%) while Klebsiella pneumoniae was found in 58 (42%) of cases. Conclusion We concluded that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common causative agent of CSOM at our institute.

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“…In a study by Thornton et al, it was speculated that altitude can affect middle ear diseases among patients who lived in high altitude and low altitude areas. 19 The effect will become more evident in patients with associated nasal pathology or eustachian tube dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Tympanoplasty Alone for Active Chronic Otitis Media Mucosal Type in Hilly Area

Balakrishnan

Bhatia

Bhattacharjee

2022

Annals of Otology and Neurotology

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Introduction Chronic otitis media (COM) is a common problem affecting 65 to 330 million population worldwide with 50% patients suffering from hearing impairment. In active COM, the usual clinical practice is to wait for the ear to become dry and to consider tympanoplasty with/without cortical mastoidectomy. If cortical mastoidectomy can be avoided without compromising the outcomes, it is desirable. Various prognostic factors have been studied; however, the effect of altitude on the outcome of tympanoplasty has not been commonly studied. High-altitude areas can have poor connectivity and can result in middle ear pressure changes when the patients commute from low-altitude areas. Aim The aim of this article was to assess the surgical outcome in patients undergoing tympanoplasty for active COM mucosal type in comparison to inactive COM mucosal type in a hilly area located at an altitude of 4,757 ft (1,450 m). Objective This article compared the success rate and audiometric improvement in patients undergoing tympanoplasty for active COM mucosal type and inactive COM mucosal type. Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study included 24 patients with 12 patients each in active and inactive groups. At 3 months follow-up, there was significant improvement in all the air conduction threshold frequencies and air bone gap in both the groups. Conclusion The success rate for our tympanoplasties for active and inactive COM performed in a hilly area was 92% and it was comparable to those reported from other centers. Altitude may not negatively affect the outcome of tympanoplasty and that the active ear COM can have similar success rate as inactive COM tympanoplasty.

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Chronic suppurative otitis media in Nepal: ethnicity does not determine whether disease is associated with cholesteatoma or not

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence of paediatric chronic suppurative otitis media and hearing impairment in rural Malawi: A cross-sectional survey

Prevalence of paediatric chronic suppurative otitis media and hearing impairment in rural Malawi: A cross-sectional survey

Causality of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: An Observational Study

Surgical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Tympanoplasty Alone for Active Chronic Otitis Media Mucosal Type in Hilly Area

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