Chronicity and neuropsychological dysfunction in schizophrenia

Smet, I.C.; Tandon, Rajiv; Goldman, Robert; Decker, L.; Lelli, G.; Berent, Stanley

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(96)84217-x

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“…It is well established that longer durations of illness among patients with schizophrenia are associated with greater impairments in higher-order cognitive functions such as attention and executive function. For example, using a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests, Smet and colleagues [60] reported that patients with a longer duration of illness exhibited significantly greater impairments in executive function as determined using the Trail-Making Test and Wisconsin Card Sort Test. In addition, in a study by Albus and colleagues [61], patients with chronic schizophrenia exhibited poorer performance on measures of visuomotor processing, attention, and executive function (abstraction/flexibility) when compared to patients with first-episode schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical performance is more strongly associated with cognition in schizophrenia than psychiatric symptoms

Kim

Shin

Ryu

et al. 2019

European Psychiatry

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Background: Although neurocognitive dysfunction and physical performance are known to be impaired in patients with schizophrenia, evidence regarding the relationship between these two domains remains insufficient. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between various physical performance domains and cognitive domains in individuals with schizophrenia, while considering other disorderrelated clinical symptoms. Methods: Sixty patients with schizophrenia participated in the study. Cardiorespiratory fitness and functional mobility were evaluated using the step test and supine-to-standing (STS) test, respectively. Executive function and working memory were assessed using the Stroop task and Sternberg working memory (SWM) task, respectively. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Multivariate analyses were performed to adjust for relevant covariates and identify predictive factors associated with neurocognition. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that the step test index was most strongly associated with reaction time in the Stroop task (β = 0.434, p = 0.001) and SWM task (β = 0.331, p = 0.026), while STS test time was most strongly associated with accuracy on the Stoop task (β=À0.418, p = 0.001) and SWM task (β=À0.383, p = 0.007). Total cholesterol levels were positively associated with Stroop task accuracy (β=À0.307, p = 0.018) after controlling for other clinical correlates. However, clinical symptoms were not associated with any variables in Stroop or SWM task. Conclusions: The present findings demonstrate the relationship between physical performance and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia. Considering that these factors are modifiable, exercise intervention may help to improve cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, thereby leading to improvements in function and prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%