Chronoamperometric study of membrane electrode assembly operation in continuous flow photoelectrochemical water splitting

Rongé, Jan; Nijs, Dorien; Kerkhofs, Stef; Masschaele, Kasper; Martens, Johan A.

doi:10.1039/c3cp50890k

Cited by 41 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The shape of the transient responses showed anodic overshoots and cathodic undershoots in the electrodes. This behavior, frequently reported for semiconductor materials, is an indicator of insufficient mass transport, poorly efficient reactions, and photocorrosion phenomena 100, 101. The cathodic photocurrent was attributed to the reduction of O 2 and/or HO• radicals in the pores of the carbon electrodes at negative bias potentials, while the anodic photocurrent corresponds to water oxidation.…”

Section: Origin Of Photoactivity Of Nanoporous Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Origin and Perspectives of the Photochemical Activity of Nanoporous Carbons

Bandosz

Ania

2018

Advanced Science

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Even though, owing to the complexity of nanoporous carbons' structure and chemistry, the origin of their photoactivity is not yet fully understood, the recent works addressed here clearly show the ability of these materials to absorb light and convert the photogenerated charge carriers into chemical reactions. In many aspects, nanoporous carbons are similar to graphene; their pores are built of distorted graphene layers and defects that arise from their amorphicity and reactivity. As in graphene, the photoactivity of nanoporous carbons is linked to their semiconducting, optical, and electronic properties, defined by the composition and structural defects in the distorted graphene layers that facilitate the exciton splitting and charge separation, minimizing surface recombination. The tight confinement in the nanopores is critical to avoid surface charge recombination and to obtain high photochemical quantum yields. The results obtained so far, although the field is still in its infancy, leave no doubts on the possibilities of applying photochemistry in the confined space of carbon pores in various strategic disciplines such as degradation of pollutants, solar water splitting, or CO2 mitigation. Perhaps the future of photovoltaics and smart‐self‐cleaning or photocorrosion coatings is in exploring the use of nanoporous carbons.

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Section: Origin Of Photoactivity Of Nanoporous Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Origin and Perspectives of the Photochemical Activity of Nanoporous Carbons

Bandosz

Ania

2018

Advanced Science

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“…6), (Rongé et al, 2013(Rongé et al, , 2014cSchröder et al, 2004). The use of carbon nanotubes coated with a conformal TiO 2 coating deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) enabled protection of the sample against the detrimental effects of atmospheric oxygen.…”

Section: Dual Compartment Experimental Pec Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned previously, penetration of atmospheric oxygen has detrimental effects (Hagfeldt and Lindström, 1995) and, therefore, it is important for PEC cells to be air tight. Water splitting experiments were performed in a dual compartment exPEC cell with a surface area of 9 cm 2 , roughly 10 times larger than in previous work (Rongé et al, 2013). This exPEC cell (Fig.…”

Section: Upscaling Of Monolithic Assemblies and Experimental Pec Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this section, the upscaling of a recently presented SEA (Rongé et al, 2013) based on carbon nanotubes, carbon paper, Nafion membrane, anatase and platinum electrodes, tested in a dual compartment exPEC cell, is presented. As mentioned previously, penetration of atmospheric oxygen has detrimental effects (Hagfeldt and Lindström, 1995) and, therefore, it is important for PEC cells to be air tight.…”

Section: Upscaling Of Monolithic Assemblies and Experimental Pec Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 cm 2 previously were prepared using a hot press procedure (Rongé et al, 2013, 2014c). a) Fused silica/graphite dual-compartment exPEC cell from previous work (Schröder et al, 2004) with illumination area of 0.785 cm 2 ; b) schematic representation of the cell and its components (8) , (Rongé et al, 2013).…”

Section: Upscaling Of Monolithic Assemblies and Experimental Pec Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Compact Photoelectrochemical Cells for Water Splitting

Bosserez

Rongé

Humbeeck

et al. 2015

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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-Solar driven water splitting can be achieved by coupling electrolyzers with PhotoVoltaics (PV). Integration of both functions in a compact PhotoElectroChemical (PEC) cell is an attractive option but presents significant scientific challenges. In this work, the design of single-and dualcompartment PEC cells for research purposes is discussed. The fabrication of separator-electrode assemblies is an important aspect, and upscaling of these architectures even to centimeter scale is not trivial. The layout of a new dual-compartment compact PEC cell with in-situ monitoring of pH, temperatures, and oxygen and hydrogen evolution for research purposes is presented. Finally, a prospect of future PEC cells for practical applications is presented.Résumé -Conception de cellules photoélectrochimiques compactes pour la décomposition de l'eau -La décomposition de l'eau en utilisant la lumière du soleil s'effectue par couplage d'un électrolyseur aux cellules PhotoVoltaïques (PV). L'intégration des deux fonctions dans une seule cellule PhotoElectroChimique (PEC) compacte est envisagée, mais présente un très grand défi scientifique. Cet article traite la conception des cellules PEC de recherche avec ou sans compartimentation. L'assemblage de séparateurs et d'électrodes est un aspect important, et la fabrication de ces architectures, même à l'échelle centimétrique et n'est pas évidente. La disposition d'une nouvelle cellule compacte PEC à deux compartiments permettant de contrôler in situ l'évolution du pH, de la température, et les concentrations d'oxygène et d'hydrogène est présentée. Enfin, une perspective de futures cellules PEC pour des applications pratiques est présentée.

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Solar‐Driven Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction with Heterogeneous Catalysts

Creissen

Fontecave

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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solubility of CO 2 in aqueous electrolyte solution (≈30 × 10 −3 m), which leads to diffusion-limited current densities. Device engineering has addressed this issue through the development of flow cell configurations that overcome mass transport limitations of conventional H-cells, thus improving attainable current densities. [4][5][6][7] Another complication resides in the kinetic requirement for multiple electron and proton transfers, which results in high energy barriers for certain products, requiring efficient catalysts for high current densities. The similarity in thermodynamic potentials for different CO 2 R products (Table 1) means that product selectivity is a problem. Additionally, proton reduction is kinetically fast in aqueous conditions leading to competitive hydrogen generation. CO 2 R electrocatalysts have been developed to address this broad range of products that can be generated and the concomitant lack of selectivity.Although molecular electrocatalysts have demonstrated high selectivity for CO 2 R to C 1 products, [8] they currently suffer from short-term stability. [9] The most effective catalysts are those based on metallic or semiconducting materialsheterogeneous catalysts. Metallic catalysts in particular have shown high selectivity for: CO using Ag, Zn, and Au; formate using Sn, In, and Pb; and a range of multi-carbon products using Cu catalysts in EC systems. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Knowledge of how nanoscale properties and morphological effects influence specificity, has enabled systems to achieve high selectivity with competitive production rates. [13] For example, identifying key morphological attributes and alterations under operating conditions, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] observing trends in size and facet-dependent selectivity, [23][24][25][26][27] and evaluating the impact of structuration on the local chemical environment, [28][29][30] all contribute to increased understanding of structure-activity relationships in CO 2 R. The type of catalyst employed therefore plays a large role in overall performance.EC CO 2 R devices can theoretically be coupled with any renewable electricity source, however, the direct integration of sunlight-driven processes is a desirable route to product formation. [31,32] An integrated approach avoids the need for grid access in remote locations, enabling direct on-site utilization, and reduces energy losses from current conversion. The additional costs in combining grid electricity with conventional electrolyzers has driven research toward the incorporation of increasingly affordable PV components. An additional benefit is the dual functionality of these devices that allows them to retain their The simultaneous mitigation of CO 2 emissions and direct generation of value-added chemicals has motivated research in solar-driven electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Here, devices incorporating heterogeneous catalysts that operate under bias-free aqueous conditions are categorized and compared, encompassing photoelectrochemical (PEC), photovoltaic-electrochemical ...

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Chronoamperometric study of membrane electrode assembly operation in continuous flow photoelectrochemical water splitting

Cited by 41 publications

References 63 publications

Origin and Perspectives of the Photochemical Activity of Nanoporous Carbons

Origin and Perspectives of the Photochemical Activity of Nanoporous Carbons

Design of Compact Photoelectrochemical Cells for Water Splitting

Solar‐Driven Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction with Heterogeneous Catalysts

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Chronoamperometric study of membrane electrode assembly operation in continuous flow photoelectrochemical water splitting

Cited by 41 publications

References 63 publications

Origin and Perspectives of the Photochemical Activity of Nanoporous Carbons

Origin and Perspectives of the Photochemical Activity of Nanoporous Carbons

Design of Compact Photoelectrochemical Cells for Water Splitting

Solar‐Driven Electrochemical CO2 Reduction with Heterogeneous Catalysts

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Product

Resources

About

Solar‐Driven Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction with Heterogeneous Catalysts