Chrysin Inhibits Melanoma Tumor Metastasis via Interfering with the FOXM1/β-Catenin Signaling

Abstract

Melanoma, which features high metastasis and high lethality, is one of the toughest tumors to treat. Chrysin, which is rich in various plants, has shown a great inhibitory effect on melanoma proliferation. Here, we evaluated the metastasis suppressive effect of chrysin on melanoma in vivo and in vitro. In vitro, chrysin effectively inhibited ankios resistance from 5 μM cell migration, invasion from 10 μM, and tube formation capacity of melanoma cells from 20 μM. We discovered that chrysin interfered with the mesenchymal–epithelial transition via regulating FOXM1/β-catenin signaling, as the expression of key regulatory factors was downregulated by chrysin treatment, and overexpression of FOXM1 will attenuate the antimetastasis effect of chrysin. We also tested chrysin on lung colonization in melanoma metastasis, where we found fewer tumors were formed in the lungs of chrysin-treated mice. In addition, the expression of FOXM1 was also downregulated by chrysin in vivo. Collectively, our findings suggested the ability of chrysin treatment to lower the metastatic rate of melanoma through regulating FOXM1/β-catenin signaling, indicating the application potential of chrysin for melanoma therapy.

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Propolis and Its Polyphenolic Compounds against Cancer

“…Thus, it was found that chrysin inhibits VEGF production and hypoxia-induced STAT3 phosphorylation without affecting the expression of HIF-1α. Chrysin also abolished hypoxia-induced VEGF gene expression [ 381 , 382 , 383 ]. The authors further found that chrysin could be useful in controlling metastatic progression as it significantly reduced the size of metastatic colonies [ 381 ].…”

Preparation and Recognition Properties of Molecularly Imprinted Nanofiber Membrane of Chrysin

“…Chrysin exhibits anti-oxidative [6], anti-viral, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects [7,8]. Numerous studies have indicated that chrysin inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces tumor cell apoptosis, restrains tumor angiogenesis, and reverses tumor cell multi-drug resistance [9][10][11][12]. It is a natural active ingredient with an anti-tumor effect.…”

Chrysin Induced Cell Apoptosis Through H19/let-7a/COPB2 Axis in Gastric Cancer Cells and Inhibited Tumor Growth

“…Previous reports have indicated that chrysin induces cellular apoptosis and inhibits tumor glycolysis in HCC ( 20 ). Moreover, chrysin has been shown to inhibit cell migration and invasion in melanoma cells ( 21 ). In this study, chrysin was used to treat GC cells and we screened differentially expressed genes using RNA-seq.…”