Ciconiiformes (Herons, Ibises, Spoonbills, Storks)

Intestinal helminths of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia Linnaeus 1758) from an inter-route site in Turkey

“…Dictymetra discoidea was the most prevalent (38.88%) helminth species found in white storks in our study. However, other cestode species (Schistocephalus solidus) and the nematodes found in this study are considered nonpathogenic (Norton and Whiteside, 2014). Little is known about the pathological importance of these parasites.…”

“…This species is a long-distance migrant bird in most parts of Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia. This migratory bird winters in Africa from tropical Sub-Saharan Africa to as far as South Africa, or on the Indian subcontinent (Cox, 2010;Norton and Whiteside, 2014). Although there are no exact data about their number, it is thought that Turkey has the biggest reproducing population of white storks in Europe with 15,000 to 35,000 pairs.…”

Retrospective Study of Intertarsal Joint Inflammation in Avian Species From a Zoological Institution

“…Leg disorders, including deformities of the intertarsal joint, are a common finding in hand-raised cranes and storks, which are susceptible to metabolic bone disease. 9,11 One case of slipped tendon was diagnosed in a young individual from the show, but a nutritional origin could not be confirmed. Interestingly, several chicks were reared each year for the show, but no other cases of slipped tendon were reported.…”

“…6 Ligaments and tendons are also susceptible to damage, rupture, or luxation 1,6 and can result in valgus or varus of the distal limb. Trauma is the most common noninfectious disease of Ciconiiformes in captivity, 9 and white storks represented 20% (7/35) of the reported cases at ZooParc de Beauval. Other causes of intertarsal inflammation in birds included septic arthritis, 4,10 which affected 11% (4/35) of the cases included in this study.…”

Mitral Regurgitation in Saddle-Billed Storks (Ephippiorhynchus Senegalensis) in Human Care: Diagnosis, Echocardiographic Measurements, and Management

“…15 Common noninfectious diseases that SBS develop under professional care include trauma, musculoskeletal abnormalities, ingestion of foreign bodies, and pododermatitis. 20,30 Furthermore, institutions have historically noted heart murmurs and cardiomegaly. 6 There are few published articles addressing cardiopathies in SBS; previous reports have included the description of mitral regurgitation (MR) and cardiac disease in a 20-yr-old female, 6 comparison of normal and abnormal echocardiographic findings in adult SBS, 16 and infection with Paronchocerca cicanorum.…”