Cidades e pandemias: uma história sem fim?

Hardt, Letícia Peret Antunes; Hardt, Carlos; Hardt, Marlos

doi:10.23900/2359-1552v1n1-cidade-pandemia-1-2020

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…For example, comparable DI values close to 1 with different accuracy can lead to unfair benefits distribution by producing more error in one group than the other. Equal opportunity difference (EOD) attempts to address this by comparing true-positive rates (sensitivity) . We chose to compare true-positive rate rather than false-positive rate because positive outcome is more desirable in our study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Methods to Reduce Bias From Clinical Prediction Models of Postpartum Depression

Park

Singh

et al. 2021

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCEThe lack of standards in methods to reduce bias for clinical algorithms presents various challenges in providing reliable predictions and in addressing health disparities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate approaches for reducing bias in machine learning models using a real-world clinical scenario. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSHealth data for this cohort study were obtained from the IBM MarketScan Medicaid Database. Eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) Female individuals aged 12 to 55 years with a live birth record identified by delivery-related codes from January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2018; (2) greater than 80% enrollment through pregnancy to 60 days post partum; and (3) evidence of coverage for depression screening and mental health services. Statistical analysis was performed in 2020. EXPOSURES Binarized race (Black individuals and White individuals). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Machine learning models (logistic regression [LR], randomforest, and extreme gradient boosting) were trained for 2 binary outcomes: postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum mental health service utilization. Risk-adjusted generalized linear models were used for each outcome to assess potential disparity in the cohort associated with binarized race (Black or White). Methods for reducing bias, including reweighing, Prejudice Remover, and removing race from the models, were examined by analyzing changes in fairness metrics compared with the base models. Baseline characteristics of female individuals at the top-predicted risk decile were compared for systematic differences. Fairness metrics of disparate impact (DI, 1 indicates fairness) and equal opportunity difference (EOD, 0 indicates fairness). RESULTS Among 573 634 female individuals initially examined for this study, 314 903 were White (54.9%), 217 899 were Black (38.0%), and the mean (SD) age was 26.1 (5.5) years. The risk-adjusted odds ratio comparing White participants with Black participants was 2.06 (95% CI, 2.02-2.10) for clinically recognized PPD and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.33-1.40) for postpartum mental health service utilization. Taking the LR model for PPD prediction as an example, reweighing reduced bias as measured by improved DI and EOD metrics from 0.31 and −0.19 to 0.79 and 0.02, respectively.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Methods to Reduce Bias From Clinical Prediction Models of Postpartum Depression

Park

Singh

et al. 2021

JAMA Netw Open

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“…Benevolo (2019Benevolo ( [1982) explica que as primeiras cidades surgiram na Mesopotâmia, há cerca de cinco mil anos. Em diferentes territórios e períodos, as urbes antigas, medievais e modernas tiveram estruturas territoriais e funções específicas de cada uma das suas respectivas civilizações e tempos históricos (Hardt et al, 2020).…”

Section: Capitalismo E Direito à Cidadeunclassified

Do Valor Compartilhado Ao Direito À Cidade

Martins de Jesus,

Hardt,

Peret Antunes Hardt

2024

Seminario Internacional De Investigación en Urbanismo

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Driven by the central problem of the existence of ideological gaps in ordering cities and regions, the general objective of the research is to relate the conceptual conception of shared value (SV) to that of the right to the city. With exploratory methodological procedures, based on a review of secondary sources, the work was structured in three main sections, with the first dedicated to the analysis of the reinvention of capitalism and the second directed to the understanding of the city, while the third collates both previous topic. The results achieved expose answers to the investigative question about the urban applicability of the SV that confirm the guiding hypothesis about the distancing of this strategy from economic profit as an exclusive purpose, making the activities profitable, both for public and private management, as well as for society itself, with a focus on sustainable development at an urban-regional context. Keywords: reinvention of capitalism, understanding of the city, sustainable development, urban-regional management Conduzido pela problemática central da existência de vazios ideológicos para ordenamento de cidades e regiões, o objetivo geral da pesquisa consiste em relacionar a concepção conceitual do valor compartilhado (VC) à do direito à cidade. Com procedimentos metodológicos exploratórios, baseados em revisão de fontes secundárias, o trabalho foi estruturado em três seções principais, com a primeira dedicada à análise da reinvenção do capitalismo e a segunda dirigida à compreensão da urbe, enquanto a terceira coteja ambos os tópicos anteriores. Os resultados alcançados expõem respostas à pergunta investigativa sobre a aplicabilidade urbanística do VC que confirmam a hipótese orientadora de que há distanciamento desta estratégia do lucro econômico como fim exclusivo, tornando rentáveis as atividades, tanto para a gestão pública ou privada, quanto para a sociedade em si, com foco no desenvolvimento sustentável em âmbito urbano-regional. Palavras-chave: reinvenção do capitalismo, compreensão da urbe, desenvolvimento sustentável, gestão urbano-regional

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“…Montaner e Muxí (2014[2011) argumentam que a valorização do espaço público constitui, nesse âmbito, garantia de igualdade legal e de oportunidades, com transformação da complexa ordem social urbana. Como comentado, a Idade Contemporânea pode ser dividida em duas eras principais (Brito, 2019;Hardt & Hardt, 2015), adiante apresentadas.…”

Section: Idade Contemporânea: Entre Deveres E Direitosunclassified

URBANISMO FEMINISTA: da reclusão no lar ao direito à cidade

Oliveira Fuck,

Peret Antunes Hardt,

Hardt

2024

Seminario Internacional De Investigación en Urbanismo

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From the understanding of cities as spaces constructed and modified by social arrangements and political norms, another perspective is suggested in its historiographical analysis, based on the central problem of the traditional distance of women from urbanistic decisions. In this context, the general objective of the research is to examine their invisibility in urban planning over time. Derived from methodological procedures of review of secondary sources, the results are structured in four main parts, according to historical ages: Ancient – between matriarchies and patri-systemas; Medium – between confinement and seclusion; Modern – between isonomies and inequalities; and Contemporary – between duties and rights. In these scenarios, they attest to the guiding hypothesis of deprivation of female participation in the process, with the answers to the investigative question pointing to ways of overcoming this retrospective omission, supported by principles of feminist urbanism in the search for the right to the city for different genders. Key words: feminine invisibility; urban planning; historical periods; gender perspective. A partir do entendimento das cidades como espaços construídos e modificados por arranjos sociais e normas políticas, sugere-se outra perspectiva em sua análise historiográfica, baseada na problemática central do tradicional afastamento das mulheres das decisões urbanísticas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral da pesquisa consiste em examinar a sua invisibilidade no planejamento urbano ao longo do tempo. Derivados de procedimentos metodológicos de revisão de fontes secundárias, os resultados encontrados são estruturados em quatro partes principais, segundo idades históricas: Antiga – entre matriarcados e patrissistemas; Média – entre confinamentos e reclusões; Moderna – entre isonomias e desigualdades; e Contemporânea – entre deveres e direitos. Nesses cenários, atestam a hipótese orientadora de privação da participação feminina no processo, com as respostas à pergunta investigativa apontando para modos de superação dessa omissão retrospectiva, apoiados em princípios do urbanismo feminista na busca pelo direito à cidade pelos diversos gêneros. Palavras-chave: invisibilidade feminina; planejamento urbano; períodos históricos; perspectiva de gênero.

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Cidades e pandemias: uma história sem fim?

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Methods to Reduce Bias From Clinical Prediction Models of Postpartum Depression

Comparison of Methods to Reduce Bias From Clinical Prediction Models of Postpartum Depression

Do Valor Compartilhado Ao Direito À Cidade

URBANISMO FEMINISTA: da reclusão no lar ao direito à cidade

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