2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144165
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Cigarette butts as a microfiber source with a microplastic level of concern

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Cited by 146 publications
(76 citation statements)
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“…As synthetic human-made polymers, microplastic contamination of the environment has numerous diverse sources of origin, including car tires, effluents from clothes washers and dryers, and the slow degradation of littered cigarette butts (Belzagui et al 2021 ; Karkkainen and Sillanpaa 2020 ; Koski et al 2021 ; Mengistu et al 2021 ). Microplastics are not always byproducts, as they can be incorporated specifically for their properties into products such as coatings, cosmetics, cleaning agents, and medical applications (Zarus et al 2021 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As synthetic human-made polymers, microplastic contamination of the environment has numerous diverse sources of origin, including car tires, effluents from clothes washers and dryers, and the slow degradation of littered cigarette butts (Belzagui et al 2021 ; Karkkainen and Sillanpaa 2020 ; Koski et al 2021 ; Mengistu et al 2021 ). Microplastics are not always byproducts, as they can be incorporated specifically for their properties into products such as coatings, cosmetics, cleaning agents, and medical applications (Zarus et al 2021 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, cigarette butts, made of cellulose acetate plastic and usually composed of 15,000 strands of fibers, are also a potential source of fiber microplastics in the environment (Novotny et al 2009 ). At present, global tobacco consumption has reached about 6 trillion cigarettes per year, and it is estimated that three-fourths of cigarette butts have not been properly handled (Belzagui et al, 2021 ). Accordingly, about 8.45×10 5 tons (5.6 trillions) of cigarette butts are discarded in the world every year (Parker and Rayburn 2017 ).…”
Section: Concerns Of Global Fiber Microplastic Pollutionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similar to other studies, most of the studies on chemical toxicity of MPs have used microbeads, not MFs, while studies comparing the two have suggested that MFs are more detrimental to organisms than microbeads (see earlier section), which could lead to further underestimation of MP impacts. A study of MFs from cigarette butts emphasized the concern about attached chemicals from tobacco as a source of ecotoxicity [4].…”
Section: Aquatic Effectsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fibers have been found to be the most common MP type in aquatic ecosystems [3]. These fibers come predominantly from washing of synthetic textiles, but also from cigarette butts [4]. The degree of effect detected is a response to concentration, shape, particle size, and polymer type.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%