Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Fatal Breast Cancer

Calle, Eugenia E.; Miracle-McMahill, Heidi L.; Thun, Michael J.; Heath, Clark W.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116939

Cited by 104 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…In the American Cancer Society prospective study of adult women, Calle et al found that smoking was associated with an increased risk of fatal breast cancer (RR 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05-1.50), that increased with number of cigarettes and number of years smoked [27]. Yu et al found a relative risk of death from breast cancer of 1.40 (95% CI = 1.0-1.9) associated with smoking, after adjustment for tumor characteristics and other potential confounders [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking and risk of breast cancer in carriers of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 aged less than 50 years

Whittemore

John

Felberg

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Background-Cigarette smoke contains compounds that may damage DNA, and the repair of damage may be impaired in women with germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. However, the effect of cigarette smoking on breast cancer risk in mutation carriers is the subject of conflicting reports. We have examined the relation between smoking and breast cancer risk in non-Hispanic white women under the age of 50 years who carry a deleterious mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2.Methods-We conducted a case-control study using data from carriers of mutations in BRCA1 (195 cases and 302 controls) and BRCA2 (128 cases and 179 controls). Personal information, including smoking history, was collected using a common structured questionnaire by eight recruitment sites in four countries. Odds-ratios (OR) for breast cancer risk according to smoking were adjusted for age, family history, parity, alcohol use, and recruitment site. NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptResults-Compared to non-smokers, the OR for risk of breast cancer for women with five or more pack-years of smoking was 2.3 (95% confidence interval 1.6-3.5) for BRCA1 carriers and 2.6 (1.8-3.9) for BRCA2 carriers. Risk increased 7% per pack-year (p < 0.001) in both groups. The epidemiological evidence on the association of smoking with risk of breast cancer is contradictory. Terry and Rohan in 2002 reviewed the published evidence and concluded that smoking probably did not decrease, and may increase, risk of breast cancer [6]. A combined re-analysis of 53 epidemiological studies, however, did not show smoking to be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer after alcohol use was taken into account [7]. In a meta-analysis in 2005, Johnson found that both active and passive smoking were associated with an increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer [8]. Conclusions-TheseThe biological effects of smoking suggest that genetic variations in acetylation, oxidative damage, and DNA repair, may influence risk of disease. For example, high levels of reactive oxygen species may cause single and double strand breaks. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are involved in the repair of such breaks [9], and mutations in these genes may impair the ability of carriers to repair any defects caused by smoking.Lifetime risks of breast cancer among carriers of deleterious mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been estimated at 40-80% [10][11][12]. Because 20-60% of carriers live to an advanced age, and do not develop breast cancer, there are likely to be other genetic or environmental factors that modify risk. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of cigarette smoking on breast cancer risk in a large number of affected (cases) and unaffected (controls) members of families segregating mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes.et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The totals for the different variables may not equal to the total number of subjects in a category because of missing data Table 2 Prevalence of smoking among women less than 50 years of age, according to recruitment site and BRCA mutation status (23) 26 (22) 21 (33) 25 (28) 41 (27) 51 (24) Current a…”

Section: Live Births and Stillbirths Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and risk of breast cancer in carriers of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 aged less than 50 years

Whittemore

John

Felberg

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…Indeed, there has been substantial interest in this area of gene-smoking-breast cancer interaction, even though studies examining this question are still mostly in progress [recently reviewed in Ambrosone, 2001]. [Hirayama, 1990] 16 1.0 1.3 (0.8-2.0) 1.6 (1.01-2.5) Wartenberg [Wartenberg et al, 2000] 12 1.0 1.0 (0.8-1.2) Calle [Calle et al, 1994] 6 1.0 1.3 a (1.05-1.5) 0.9 (0.7-1.03) Manjer [Manjer et al, 2000] 10-20 1.0 2.0 (1.2-3.1) 1.3 (0.6-2.7)…”

Section: Metabolic Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking (active and passive) and breast cancer: Epidemiologic evidence up to June 2001

Morabia¹

2002

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The first generation of studies evaluating the association between exposure to tobacco smoke and breast cancer merely compared active to nonactive smokers, with varying degrees of detail in the definition of active smoking. With rare exceptions, studies of this kind failed to show an effect of smoking on breast cancer risk. However, such analysis is probably insufficient. The most recent reports on the smoking-breast cancer connection have two characteristics. Some have separated women exposed to passive smoking from those nonexposed to either active or passive smoke. Other reports have focused on factors that modify the effect of smoking on breast cancer incidence, such as genetic markers or hormone receptors. A minority of reports combines these two characteristics. This review addresses the epidemiologic evidence for a link between smoking and breast cancer and discusses the implications of this evidence for future studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 39: 89 -95, 2002.

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“…Smoking history was reported in less than 1% of our population (2/333 patients); however, it was impossible to assess the association of smoking with survival factors. Two studies found that smoking reduced the survival rate of breast cancer patients (33,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Survival Rate and Pattern of Risk Factors and Recurrence Rate in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with other Subtypes

Mortazavizadeh

Bashardoost

Kargar

et al. 2017

IMMINV

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Introduction: Breast cancer a major health concern, especially in industrialized countries. Despite extensive research, a consensus does not yet exist regarding the association between breast cancer risk factors and its many outcomes. Because of the increasing rate of breast cancer in Iran, including in Yazd City, in this study we evaluated the relationship between survival and recurrence rates and patterns of risk factors in breast cancer patients. Methods: This analytical study was conducted retrospectively on 333 patients with breast cancer over an 8-year period (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). Total survival and recurrence rates were recorded in monthfor all patients; then the data were analyzed with the chi-square and log-rank tests and compared to other obtained data. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze survival data. Results: The mean patient age was 57.02 ± 12.32 years. The mean total survival rate was 93.15 ± 1.25 months (97.9%). The mean total recurrence rate was 84.59 ± 1.91 months (89.8%). Patients in all breast cancer subgroups had no significant relationship with risk factors (P>0.05), although body mass index (BMI) and recurrence rate were significantly related (P=0.045). Other risk factors were not significantly related to total survival and recurrence rates. The mean duration of oral contraceptive pill consumption was significantly longer in patients in the estrogen receptor-progesterone receptor-HER2-positive subgroup than in other groups (P=0.03). Conclusion: We found that BMI lower than 25 kg/m 2 was strong prognostic factor for recurrence in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Because of the high survival rate of patients with breast cancer during our 8-year study period, we recommend that studies with larger sample sizes that are focused on survival period be conducted.

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Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Fatal Breast Cancer

Cited by 104 publications

References 0 publications

Smoking and risk of breast cancer in carriers of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 aged less than 50 years

Smoking and risk of breast cancer in carriers of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 aged less than 50 years

Smoking (active and passive) and breast cancer: Epidemiologic evidence up to June 2001

Evaluation of Survival Rate and Pattern of Risk Factors and Recurrence Rate in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with other Subtypes

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