Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Shen, Guang Si; Li, Yong; Zhao, Guoyang; Zhou, Hai; Xie, Zong Gang; Xu, Wei; Chen, Hai Nan; Dong, Qiang; Xu, You Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2015.04.008

Cited by 59 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…We also found that current smokers had a 2-fold risk of developing hip fracture compared with nonsmoker, however, only three studies were included in this subgroup meta-analysis, which could have biased the results. Our results are similar with a recent meta-analysis, which reported that, compared with never smokers, the pooled RR of hip fracture for current female smokers was 1.30 (95%CI, 1.16–1.45), and for former female smokers was 1.02 (95%CI, 0.93–1.11) [4]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Hip Fracture in Men: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Prospective Cohort Studies

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundSeveral observational studies have suggested an association between cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture. However, no formal systematic review or meta-analysis was performed to summarize this risk in men.Materials and MethodsA search was applied to MEDLINE, EMBASE, and web of science (up to November 1 2016). All prospective cohort studies assessing risk of hip fracture with the factor of cigarette smoking in men without language restriction were reviewed, and qualities of all included studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Two authors independently assessed literatures and extracted information eligibility, and any disagreement was resolved by consensus. Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale was used to evaluate studies’ quality in meta-analyses. We calculated the RR with 95% CIs in a random-effects model as well as the fixed-effects model using the metan command in the STATA version 12.0 (StataCorp, USA).ResultsFourteen prospective cohort studies were eligible for the present analysis. A meta-analysis of 12 prospective studies showed that the relative risk (RR) for current male smoking was 1.47 [95% confidence interval (CI) (1.28–1.66), p = 0.54; I2 = 0%]. Subgroup analyses show study characteristics (including geography region, length of follow-up, size of cohorts and study quality) did not substantially influence these positive associations. Eight studies reported the RRs for former smokers compared with never smokers and the pooled RR was 1.15 [95% CI, (0.97–1.34), (I2 = 0%, p = 0.975)].ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis of 14 prospective studies suggests that, compared with never smokers, cigarette smoking increases risk of hip fracture in man, specifically in current smokers. However, further larger prospective cohorts with more power or meta-analysis of individual patient data are needed to confirm this association.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Recently, a meta-analysis has suggested that there was a positive association between cigarette smoking and hip fracture in woman [4]. However there is, to our knowledge, no published meta-analysis had evaluated this association in man.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Hip Fracture in Men: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Prospective Cohort Studies

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…The increase in reactive oxygen species and free radicals due to smoking is also associated with the inhibition of the formation of osteoblasts in the bone surface (26). The adverse effects of cigarette smoking and its cessation on the prevalence of osteoporosis have also been reported by some other studies (27)(28)(29). Smoke-induced hypercortisolism, which has been reported frequently, directly affects osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Three Months Aerobic Training Cannot Modulate C-Terminal Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen in Cigarette Smokers

Eizadi

Davood

2019

Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care

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Background: Osteoporosis, as an important public health problem, is associated with cigarette smoking. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of 3 months supervised aerobic training program on C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) as a marker of bone resorption in male smokers. Methods:In this semi-experimental study, thirty-two sedentary adult male smokers (Winter 2016, Saveh, Iran) aged 42 ± 7 years were randomly assigned to exercise group (3 months aerobic training, 3 times/weekly at 60% -75% of maximum heart rate, n = 16) or control group (no training, n = 16). Serum calcium, CTX and anthropometrical markers at before and after training were determined in exercise and control subjects. The statistical significance of the changes was evaluated by Student's t-test. The changes less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A significant decrease was observed in anthropometrical markers by aerobic training in the exercise group (P < 0.05). No significant changes were observed for serum calcium (P = 0.126) and CTX (P = 0.835) after aerobic intervention compared with baseline levels. No significant changes were observed in all variables in the control group (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions:These data suggest that aerobic training with mentioned details cannot improve bone resorption with emphasis on CTX in male smokers. To achieve a better conclusion, it is necessary to assess the indicative markers of both bone resorption and formation in response to exercise.

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“…18 Smoking reduces bone mineral density due to changes in estradiol, serum parathyroid and vitamin D levels, altering calcium absorption in the digestive system and the renewal of bone cells. 19 During the development of the research, it was noted that analysis based on medical records hinders data collection, as it leads to a loss of individuals included in the study due to failures during the admission assessment. However, the results of the study proved to be extremely important, especially given the lack of studies on the theme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of Pneumopathic Elderly Persons Admitted to a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center

Neto

Marques

Gomes

2016

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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Introduction: Pneumopathies are defined as a group of respiratory diseases. Physiotherapy centers are a conventional treatment option which can help prevent and treat various pulmonary conditions. Objective: To characterize elderly persons with pneumopathies admitted for pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods: 84 elderly persons were admitted for pulmonary rehabilitation. Patients diagnosed with pulmonary disease and aged ≥60 years were included in the study. The following variables were analyzed: gender, age, marital status, profession, medical diagnosis, main medical complaint, associated diseases, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The most common lung disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (26.2%). Women showed a greater association with asthma [odds ratio (OR)=5.875; p=0.010]. Dyspnea was the most prevalent main complaint among this population (50%). Among the main complaints, difficulty walking was more associated with men (OR=2.85; p=0.055). Strokes were the main disease most commonly associated with pneumopathies (12.1%). Women had a greater association with other diseases (OR=5.34, p=0.068), especially when two diseases were presented simultaneously with lung disease (OR=2.32, p=0.041). Among the risk factors, physical inactivity (OR=3.33), alcohol consumption (OR=0.046) and history of smoking (OR=3.00) were significantly associated with men, while depression (OR=5.67) was significantly associated with women. Women exhibited a 3.28 greater association between allergies and pneumopathies than men ( p=0.013). The practice of physical activity was more associated with women (OR=3.89; p=0.03). Osteoporosis was more prevalent among elderly women with pulmonary disease (OR=10.75; p<0.0001), and was also significantly associated with a history of smoking (OR=4.31; p=0.009). Conclusion: The most frequent diagnosis, main complaint and associated disease were COPD, dyspnea and strokes, respectively. Elderly woman exhibited a greater association with the diagnosis of bronchial asthma, and more diseases associated with lung disease. Physical inactivity, difficulty

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Cigarette smoking and risk of hip fracture in women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Cited by 59 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Hip Fracture in Men: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Prospective Cohort Studies

Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Risk of Hip Fracture in Men: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Prospective Cohort Studies

Three Months Aerobic Training Cannot Modulate C-Terminal Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen in Cigarette Smokers

Profile of Pneumopathic Elderly Persons Admitted to a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center

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