Cigarette Smoking Causes Impairment of Spermatozoal Quality: Andrological and Biochemical Evaluation

Omu, Alexander E.; Dashti, H.; Mohammed, Asiya Tasneem; Mattappallil, A.B.

doi:10.1159/000026021

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Secondly, the effect of passive smoking cannot be ignored. Smoking is known to have a deleterious effect on the sperm [18] and possibly on ovarian function. There is little information in the literature on the role of environmental factors in the causation of anovulation in the human female.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal Factors and Management Options of Infertility in Kuwait

Omu¹,

Al-Qattan²,

Ismail³

et al. 2000

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: To determine the main causes and management options of infertility in Kuwait. Methodology: Clinical evaluation, hormone profile of LH, FSH, prolactin and testosterone and midluteal phase progesterone, tubal patency tests, semen analysis and antisperm antibodies were assessed. Treatment included medical and surgical induction of ovulation. Male factor infertility was treated with antibiotics and immunosuppression when indicated, and empirically with antioxidants. Results: The main cause of female infertility was ovarian dysfunction (40.7%) with predominance of polycystic ovarian syndrome (52.9%), anovulatory regular cycles (25%) and hyperprolactinaemia (14.3%). Male factor accounted for infertility in 40.2% of the couples, with asthenozoospermia in 34.3%, oligozoospermia in 29.2% and azoospermia in 8.2%. Immuological tubal factors and endometriosis occurred in 9.8, 5.9 and 5.6%, respectively, and unexplained infertility in 8.5%. Both spouses were involved in 36.5% of the couples. Clomiphene citrate was the commonest agent for induction of ovulation with an 80% success rate. Bromocriptine, gonadotropins and laparoscopic ovarian cautery had success rates of 71, 69, and 80%, respectively. Treatment outcome in male factor infertility was variable. Conclusion: Ovarian dysfunction and male factor infertility are the dominant factors responsible for infertility in Kuwait. Induction of ovulation has a good prognosis of 40–80% success rate. Tubal factor infertility is uncommon in Kuwait.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal Factors and Management Options of Infertility in Kuwait

Omu¹,

Al-Qattan²,

Ismail³

et al. 2000

Med Princ Pract

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“…In a study of heavy smokers, a zinc-deficient diet was associated with high cadmium testicular accumulation, comparable to diets supplemented with cadmium. The serum concentration of cadmium had a linear correlation with TNF-α and IFN-γ, but not with IL-4 [ 83 ], with consequent poor sperm parameters [ 84 ]. Fawzy et al [ 85 ] reported that both sheesha and cigarette smoking adversely affected semen quality.…”

Section: Smoking and Sperm Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm Parameters: Paradigmatic Index of Good Health and Longevity

Omu¹

2013

Med Princ Pract

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Since the discovery of spermatozoon by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in 1677, there has been an ever increasing understanding of its role in reproduction. Many factors adversely affect sperm quality, including varicocele, accessory gland infection, immunological factors, congenital abnormalities, and iatrogenic systemic and endocrine causes, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and smoking. The mechanisms responsible for the association between poor sperm parameters and ill health may include oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, low testosterone, and low sex-hormone-binding globulin. Oxidative stress in the testicular microenvironment may result in decreased spermatogenesis and sperm DNA damage, loss of sperm motility, and abnormal sperm morphology. Low testosterone caused by advanced age, visceral obesity, and inflammation is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Hence, semen analysis has an important role in the routine evaluation of idiopathic male infertility, usually manifested as low sperm counts, impaired sperm motility, or absence of sperm, and remains the most common single diagnostic tool. Several studies have shown an inverse relationship between semen quality and medical disorders. This review elucidates the effect of medical disorders and social habits on sperm quality, the mechanisms that are involved in the impairment of sperm quality, and whether or not sperm quality can be used as an index of good health and longevity in a man.

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“…· Semen analysis according to WHO guidelines [8] · Hypoosmotic swelling test · Seminal plasma for T-helper cytokines and trace elements · Human antisperm antibodies using immuno-beads…”

Section: Clinical Component: Effects Of Cigarette Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important sources of cadmium in humans are food and smoking [5]. The level of cadmium is much higher in smokers with asthenozoospermia than in similar nonsmokers and in both serum and semen of heavy cigarette smokers [8]. Cigarette smoking impairs sperm function through the cytotoxic effects of cadmium [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%