Ciliates on the Macrophytes in Industrially Heated Lakes (Kujawy Lakeland, Poland)

Abstract

Ciliates on the Macrophytes in Industrially Heated Lakes (Kujawy Lakeland, Poland). Babko R., Fyda J., Kuzmina T., Hutorowicz A. -The ciliate assemblage on the macrophytes was examined in 2005 during the vegetation period in the Koninśkie Lakes which are heating by post-cooling waters from thermal electric plants. As a result of changed temperature regimen the alien thermophilic macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis is becoming increasingly common in the littoral zone. A total of 150 ciliate taxa belonging to 27 orders were found. Greater ciliate species diversity was found on architecturally complex, submerged forms such as Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum. By contrast the ciliate compositions on emergent macrophytes with simple architecture in their submerged parts, such as Typha, Sparganium, or Acorus, were less species rich. Despite the simple architecture of Vallisneria leaves, the ciliate diversity on them was high. The results show that replacement of native macrophytes by the alien form V. spiralis in heated lakes did not impoverish the ciliate diversity.K e y w o r d s: ciliate, macrophytes, diversity, lakes.Ðåñíè÷íûå ïðîñòåéøèå íà ìàêðîôèòàõ â îçåðàõ, ïîäâåðaeåííûõ òåïëîâîìó çàãðÿçíåíèþ (îçåðíûé êðàé Êóÿâû, Ïîëüøà). Áàáêî Ð., Ôûäà ß., Êóçüìèíà Ò., Õóòîðîâè÷ À. - òå÷åíèå âåãåòàöèîííîãî ïåðèîäà 2005 ã. èçó÷àëè àññàìáëåþ ðåñíè÷íûõ ïðîñòåéøèõ íà ìàêðîôèòàõ â Êîíèíñêèõ îçåðàõ, ïîäâåðaeåííûõ òåïëîâîìó çàãðÿçíåíèþ, êîòîðîå âûçâàíî ïîñòóïëåíèåì ïîäîãðåòûõ âîä ñ òåïëîýëåêòðîñòàíöèè. Âñëåäñòâèå èçìåíåíèÿ òåìïåðàòóðíîãî ðåaeèìà âîäîåìîâ, â èõ ëèòîðàëè äîìèíèðóþùåå ïîëîaeåíèå ñðåäè ìàêðîôèòîâ çàíÿë àäâåíòèâíûé âèä Vallisneria spiralis. Âñåãî íà ìàêðîôèòàõ áûëî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàíî 150 òàêñîíîâ ðåñíè÷íûõ ïðîñòåéøèõ, îòíîñÿùèõñÿ ê 27 îòðÿäàì. Áîëüøåå ðàçíîîáðàçèå âèäîâ ðåñíè÷íûõ ïðîñòåéøèõ îáíàðóaeèâàëîñü íà ïðîñòðàíñòâåííî ñëîaeíîîðãàíèçîâàííûõ ïîâåðõíîñòÿõ òàêèõ ìàêðîôèòîâ, êàê Ceratophyllum demersum è Myriophyllum spicatum. Íà ìàêðîôèòàõ ñ ïðîñòîé àðõèòåêòóðîé, òàêèõ êàê, íàïðèìåð, Typha, Sparganium è Acorus, êîëè÷åñòâî âèäîâ áûëî ìåíüøèì.  òî aeå âðåìÿ, íåñìîòðÿ íà ïðîñòóþ àðõèòåêòóðó ëèñòüåâ Vallisneria, ðàçíîîáðàçèå ðåñíè÷íûõ ïðîñòåéøèõ íà íèõ áûëî âûñîêèì. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, âûòåñíåíèå àáîðèãåííûõ ìàêðîôèòîâ àäâåíòèâíûì âèäîì V. spiralis â óñëîâèÿõ ïîäîãðåòûõ îçåð íå ïðèâîäèëî ê ñíèaeåíèþ ðàçíîîáðàçèÿ ðåñíè÷íûõ ïðîñòåéøèõ.

Oxygen Gradients and Structure of the Ciliate Assemblages in Floodplain Lake

“…Moreover, as a rule, there is a habitat in which conditions correspond to their ecological optimum, while their presence in neighboring habitats is a reflection of their environmental tolerance expanding their ecological niche. Different species of plants vary significantly in the spatial organization of the surface, which creates unequal conditions for the existence of protozoa [27]. Therefore, various approaches were used for calculating of the density of protozoa to determine the volume of their ALS.…”

“…It was also proposed to distinguish the communities by their relation to environmental factors, while remaining within the framework of the biotopic approach paradigm and recognizing the existence of the "euplanktonic" species. The attempts to describe the spatial structure of the assemblages of ciliates in the body of water as a whole, rather than within a single biotope, have been made earlier, but the interpretation of the results remained within the boundaries of the biotopic paradigm [5,9,27,58].…”

New reports of sessile ciliates from Amsterdam, The Netherlands

“…Representatives of the genus Campanella can commonly found in freshwaters. Thous, the type speces of genus Campanella umbellaria (Linnaeus, 1758) have found from Ukraine (Gassowski, 1960;Konstantynenko, 2014), from Poland (Babko, Fyda, Kuzmina, Hutorowicz, 2010) and China (Shi, Warren, Yu, Shen, 2004). It also found among Phragmites australis in shallow freshwater lake near Amsterdam (Roos, Trueba, 1977).…”

Free-living ciliates from a perturbed marsh in Central Mexico: some notes about taxonomy and ecology

“…Only four species were categorized as predator ciliates and they were less frequent, as has been observed in other aquatic ecosystems (Mieczan, 2009;Babko et al, 2010). Pfister et al (2002) argued that the ecological preferences of some common ciliates seem to be wider, and that temperature, pH and oxygen seem to have only weak influence on the distribution of some ciliate species.…”

“…In site 5, where the vegetation coverage was lesser or absent relative to the other sites, the ciliate species richness was lower as well. Madoni (1991), Lugo et al (1998), Song (2000 and Babko et al (2010) concluded that habitats with macrophyte presence are appropriate for ciliate assemblages, with high content of organic matter favoring bacteria growing. Thus, we agree that macrophyte presence is an important factor for the assemblages of ciliates in wetlands, setting a microbial food web with bacterivorous ciliates and BAF-consumers, that are the food resources for omnivorous and predator ciliates.…”