CIMP Status of Interval Colon Cancers: Another Piece to the Puzzle

Arain, Mustafa A.; Sawhney, Mandeep S.; Sheikh, Shamim A.; Anway, Ruth; Thyagarajan, Bharat; Bond, John H.; Shaukat, Aasma

doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.699

Cited by 345 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In a non-populationbased screening setting in North America, interval cancers have been associated with proximal location and molecular traits, such as CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP) [60], that occur in most sessile serrated lesions and traditional serrated adenomas [25]. Under-detection of non-polypoid and serrated lesions may therefore play a role in study results that have not shown a protective effect of colonoscopy against CRC mortality in the right colon [61,62].…”

Section: Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 93%

European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis: Overview and introduction to the full Supplement publication

Karsa¹,

Patnick²,

Segnan³

et al. 2012

Endoscopy

250

187

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Population-based screening for early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and precursor lesions, using evidence-based methods, can be effective in populations with a significant burden of the disease provided the services are of high quality. Multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for quality assurance in CRC screening and diagnosis have been developed by experts in a project co-financed by the European Union. The 450-page guidelines were published in book format by the European Commission in 2010.They include 10 chapters and over 250 recommendations, individually graded according to the strength of the recommendation and the supporting evidence. Adoption of the recommendations can improve and maintain the quality and effectiveness of an entire screening process, including identification and invitation of the target population, diagnosis and management of the disease and appropriate surveillance in people with detected lesions. To make the principles, recommendations and standards in the guidelines known to a wider professional and scientific community and to facilitate their use in the scientific literature, the original content is presented in journal format in an open-access Supplement of Endoscopy. The editors have prepared the present overview to inform readers of the comprehensive scope and content of the guidelines. IntroductionAccording to recent estimates by the International Agency for Research on Cancer [1], colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer in Europe with 432 000 new cases reported annually in men and women combined. It is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in Europe with 212 000 deaths reported in 2008.Worldwide, CRC ranks third in incidence and fourth in mortality with an estimated 1.2 million cases and 0.6 million deaths annually. In the 27 Member States of the European Union (EU), CRC ranks first in incidence and second in mortality, with approximately 334000 new cases and 149000 deaths estimated in 2008.Even in those Member States in the lower range for age-standardized rates of CRC, the burden of disease is significantly greater when compared with many other HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript regions of the world (see reference [1]). CRC is therefore an important health problem across the EU.Screening can be effective in cancer control in populations with a significant burden of CRC, provided the services are of high quality [2]. The aim of CRC screening is to lower the burden of cancer in the population by discovering disease in its early, latent stages [3]. Evidence-based methods permit treatment that is more effective than if disease is diagnosed later when symptoms have occurred. Early treatment of invasive lesions, for example by endoscopic resection of early CRC, can also be less detrimental for quality of life. The endoscopic removal of pre-malignant lesions also reduces the incidence of CRC by avoiding the progression to cancer. Randomized trials in people of average risk invite...

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Section: Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 93%

European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis: Overview and introduction to the full Supplement publication

Karsa¹,

Patnick²,

Segnan³

et al. 2012

Endoscopy

250

187

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“…In the literature, mixed results have been published regarding the prognostic role of CIMP in CRC. 16,[29][30][31] To the best of our knowledge, there currently are no set guidelines for labeling CRC as CIMP-high because incidences vary depending on the panel of genes selected, choices of probes, location of the methylation island, cutoff points, and the technology used. Therefore, a consensus must be established for true comparison among different population.…”

Section: Survival Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular markers and pathway analysis of colorectal carcinoma in the Middle East

Beg

Siraj

Prabhakaran

et al. 2015

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. A newly proposed integrated pathway comprising traditional, alternate, and serrated pathways by genetic and epigenetic factors was defined recently and hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of CRC; however, to the authors' knowledge, there is a paucity of information regarding these proposed molecular pathways in different ethnic groups. METHODS: Molecular characterization of 770 CRC specimens was performed for microsatellite instability, BRAF, and KRAS by polymerase chain reaction and 500 cases for CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) high phenotype by MethyLight technology. Tumors were assigned to different molecular pathways and examined for clinicopathological correlation and survival analysis. RESULTS: The traditional pathway constituted 33.4% of CRC cases, the alternate pathway comprised 11.6%, and the serrated molecular pathway accounted for only 0.8% of Middle Eastern CRC cases. Approximately 54.2% of CRC cases did not qualify to fit into any pathway and thus were designated as an unassigned group. Molecular pathways were found to be significantly associated with tumor site and grade. A subset of cases with an uncategorized pathway demonstrated a significant survival difference (P 5 .0079). CONCLUSIONS: The serrated pathway was found to account for a very low percentage of the CRC patient cohort in the current study. The unassigned group accounted for the majority of Middle Eastern CRC cases, and therefore methods of CRC pathway analysis might not be applicable to this ethnic group. The current study demonstrates the need to unravel the molecular genetic basis of this disease to further subcategorize these CRC cases. It also identifies a need for further studies on different populations for a better understanding of their exact role and incidence. Cancer 2015;121:3799-808.

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“…These features likely account for the fact that the serrated pathway is a disproportionate contributor to interval CRC (CRC diagnosed relatively soon after colonoscopy). Cancers associated with the serrated pathway tend to occur in the proximal colon and their molecular signature overlaps significantly with interval CRC [21][22][23] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Findings in the Distal Colorectum Are Not Associated With Proximal Advanced Serrated Lesions

Kahi¹,

Vemulapalli²,

Snover³

et al. 2015

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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CIMP Status of Interval Colon Cancers: Another Piece to the Puzzle

Cited by 345 publications

References 26 publications

European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis: Overview and introduction to the full Supplement publication

European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis: Overview and introduction to the full Supplement publication

Molecular markers and pathway analysis of colorectal carcinoma in the Middle East

Findings in the Distal Colorectum Are Not Associated With Proximal Advanced Serrated Lesions

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