“…Theaflavin-3,3 -digallate administrated at 10 mg/kg three times per week for 9 continuous weeks also showed the capability of reducing the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-3 amounts in the synovium of a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model, chiefly by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and the phosphorylation of P38, JNK2, and ERK [230]. Moreover, 50 mg/kg cinnamtannin D1, a polyphenolic compound isolated from Cinnamomum tamala, alleviates the severity of RA, affording reduced clinical scores and paw swelling; reduces inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage damage in the joints, and IL-17, IL-6, and IL-1β; enhances TGF-β and IL-10 levels; reduces the frequency of Th17 cells; and enhances the frequency of Treg cells, namely by its potential to inhibit aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and phospho-STAT3/RORγt [350]. On the other hand, 200 mg/kg cinnamon barks reduce paw volume, weight loss, and, IL-2, IL-4 and IFNγ in RA mice model [351].…”