Ciprofloxacin for the treatment of Cardiobacterium hominis prosthetic valve endocarditis

Abstract

Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Cardiobacterium hominis is rare and recommended therapy includes a third generation cephalosporin. We report a case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis post transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a patient with significant beta-lactam antimicrobial sensitivities who was successfully treated with ciprofloxacin monotherapy in conjunction with surgery.

Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis associated with cerebral, renal, and splenic infarctions: A case report and review of the literature

“…C. hominis is also known to cause large friable vegetations complicated by systemic embolism [11] . Therefore, we reviewed cases of systemic embolism caused by C. hominis IE ( Table 2 ) [5] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] . 21 cases of C. hominis IE associated with embolism, including the present case, have been reported since 1980.…”

Ceftriaxone‐induced neutropenia successfully overcome by a switch to penicillin G in Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis

“…The alternative to continuing treatment of the present patient with a β‐lactam antibiotic would have been high‐dose ciprofloxacin. 1 , 14 Fluoroquinolones carry a substantial risk of cognitive and behavioral side effects especially in the elderly and therefore were avoided in this patient with cognitive abnormalities.…”

“…Cardiobacterium hominis is a Gram‐negative rod‐shaped bacterium colonizing the mouth and the upper respiratory tract. It can cause endocarditis, predominantly prosthetic valve endocarditis 1,2 . It is a member of the HACEK group ( Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Cardiobacterium hominis , Eikenella corrodens , Kingella kingae ) consisting of Gram‐negative bacteria which are part of the normal flora of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract in humans and can cause endocarditis typically in patients with heart diseases or artificial valves 3 .…”

“…It can cause endocarditis, predominantly prosthetic valve endocarditis. 1 , 2 It is a member of the HACEK group ( Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Cardiobacterium hominis , Eikenella corrodens , Kingella kingae ) consisting of Gram‐negative bacteria which are part of the normal flora of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract in humans and can cause endocarditis typically in patients with heart diseases or artificial valves. 3 The clinical course of C. hominis endocarditis often is indolent with a long duration of symptoms prior to the establishment of the diagnosis.…”

Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis complicated by aortic root abscess: a case report

“…Third-generation cephalosporin is the antibiotic of choice for infective endocarditis caused by infection with C. hominis [ 5 ] [ 32 ]. In our patient, the E-test methodology demonstrated susceptibility to ceftriaxone, and in addition sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (MIC) was demonstrated in order to provide an oral option; this has been utilized in a number of described cases where resistance to first-line therapy is present [ 33 ]. Current European Society for Cardiology endocarditis guidelines [ 32 ] recommend that the standard antibiotic treatment for HACEK organisms is as follows: ceftriaxone 2 g day −1 for 4 weeks in native valve endocarditis (NVE) and for 6 weeks in prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE).…”