Circadian rhythm of parasuicide in relation to violence if method and concomitant mental disorder

Caracciolo, Stefano; Manfredini, Roberto; Gallerani, Massimo

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb10643.x

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A link with chronobiological rhythms in serotonergic functions has also been seen for circadian variation in suicide occurrence: both in Italy and elsewhere, a higher risk of suicide is found in the hours of the day corresponding to low levels of serotonin activity [59,60]. Admissions for attempted suicide also follow circadian rhythms: attempts involving violent methods more closely resemble suicide in this respect than attempts by non-violent methods [61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of Method on Seasonal Distribution of Attempted Suicides in Italy

Preti¹,

Miotto²

2000

Neuropsychobiology

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To verify if attempted suicides follow different seasonal distributions according to the method chosen, we studied the Italian monthly distribution of admissions for attempted suicide in the period 1984–1995 according to gender and age, distinguishing between non-violent (ICD 950–952) and violent (ICD 953–958) attempted suicides. The effect of temperature was also taken into account. A clear asymmetry in seasonal distribution of events can be observed in the oldest age groups in both genders, with a peak in warmer months. Only male attempted suicides by violent methods show a clear asymmetry in seasonal distribution, with a peak in spring months and a trough in autumn months. Spectral analysis, more accurate in detecting seasonal rhythms than analyses that only compare monthly seasonal means, identifies a circannual rhythm for violent suicides in both genders. The seasonal components of total variance in attempted suicides account for 16.5 and 12.4%, respectively, of violent male and female attempted suicides. Among males, a significant (p < 0.05) 4 cycles/year pattern is seen alongside the more relevant (89.4%, p < 0.01) 1 cycle/year distribution. Among females, aside from the 1 cycle/year distribution (63.3%, p < 0.01) noted, a 6 cycles/year pattern is found to contribute significantly (16.9%, p < 0.05) to the seasonal component of variance. A clear relationship with temperature indicators is noted among males: higher temperatures positively correlate with attempted suicides, whereas cooler temperatures seem to exert a protective action. Female attempts show a less evident correlation with indicators of temperature. Sample composition by age and gender and the lack of distinction between methods of attempted suicide may have obscured the seasonal component of some classes of attempted suicide in previous studies. The circannual rhythm found in this study of violent attempted suicide in relation to climate seasonal change confirms the importance of taking chronobiological variables into account in the evaluation of patients at risk of suicide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of Method on Seasonal Distribution of Attempted Suicides in Italy

Preti¹,

Miotto²

2000

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Similarly, among adolescents up to age 19, both attempted and completed suicides are observed more frequently at the beginning of the week on Mondays and Tuesdays [ 15 ]. Studies on adults show that suicide attempts occur most frequently in the evening and late evening [ 8 , 21 , 22 ] while completed suicides most frequently occur in the late morning [ 22 – 25 ]. Although suicidal behaviour is increasing among youth [ 4 , 5 , 7 , 9 ] studies focusing on the diurnal and circadian rhythm of suicide attempts among adolescents and young adults are rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of monthly, diurnal and circadian variations with suicide attempts by young people

Akkaya-Kalayci

Kapusta

Waldhör

et al. 2017

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background: Different psychosocial factors might have an impact on suicidal behaviour and evidence shows that there may be an association between monthly, diurnal and circadian changes and suicidal behaviours. Methods:In the present study we analysed retrospectively records of 2232 youth, who were treated in emergency units of state hospitals in Istanbul/Turkey after attempting suicide. Results:The majority of the suicide attempters were females (81.6%). In both sexes, suicide attempts most frequently occurred at the beginning of the calendar week and between evening and midnight.Conclusions: This study shows that suicide attempts in youth follow diurnal and circadian changes. As suicide attempts of youth most frequently occurred at the beginning of the calendar week and between evening and midnight, health services such as specialized counselling for youth should especially be available during this time.

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“…Proximal risk is the moment where a distal suicide risk is propelled into an immediate action of attempted or completed suicide. Both suicide attempts and suicide deaths display significant and fairly consistent circadian patterns (Altamura et al, 1999; Caracciolo et al, 1996; Manfredini et al, 1994; Motohashi, 1990), though an in-depth understanding of these rhythms is limited. To date, the interpretation of circadian patterns related to suicidal behaviour is largely focused on various intrinsic circuitry that also fluctuates with the biological clock, such as mood and stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-ingested alcohol and the timing of deliberate self-poisonings

Chitty

Kirby

Osborne

et al. 2017

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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This study exposed the differential diurnal patterns in deliberate self-poisoning according to the presence of alcohol co-ingestion. This analysis adds to the accumulating evidence that suicidal behaviour that involves alcohol co-ingestion represents a distinct subtype, which may be driven by alcohol consumption patterns in society. This also means that this large proportion of deliberate self-poisonings may not otherwise have occurred if it were not for alcohol consumption, underscoring the importance of drug and alcohol services for alcohol-related self-harm.

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Circadian rhythm of parasuicide in relation to violence if method and concomitant mental disorder

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of Method on Seasonal Distribution of Attempted Suicides in Italy

Influence of Method on Seasonal Distribution of Attempted Suicides in Italy

The association of monthly, diurnal and circadian variations with suicide attempts by young people

Co-ingested alcohol and the timing of deliberate self-poisonings

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