Circadian Rhythmicity and Photoperiodism in the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito: Can the Seasonal Timer Evolve Independently of the Circadian Clock?

Bradshaw,; Holzapfel,; Mathias,

doi:10.2307/3844714

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…However, neither the period nor the amplitude of the circadian rhythm response to the Nanda–Hamner protocol is correlated with the critical photoperiod (Bradshaw et al . , ). In addition, by conducting crossing experiments, Mathias et al .…”

Section: Contrary Evidence Regarding the Involvement Of Circadian Clomentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of circadian clock genes in insect photoperiodism

Goto

2012

Entomological Science

116

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Functional involvement of a circadian clock in photoperiodism for measuring the length of day or night had been proposed more than 70 years ago, and various physiological experiments have supported the idea. However, the molecular basis of a circadian clock has remained veiled in insects. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the functional elements of a circadian clock governing circadian rhythmicity has advanced rapidly. Since both circadian rhythms and photoperiodism depend on the daily cycles of environmental changes, it is easy to assume that the same clock elements are involved in both processes. Recently, the RNA interference (RNAi) technique clarified that the molecular machinery of a circadian clock governing photoperiodism is identical to that governing circadian rhythmicity. Here, I review the theoretical background of photoperiodic responses incorporating a circadian clock(s) and recent progress on the molecular clockwork involved in photoperiodism in the bean bug Riptortus pedestris and other insect species. I have focused on the intense controversy regarding the involvement of a circadian clock in insect photoperiodism.

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Section: Contrary Evidence Regarding the Involvement Of Circadian Clomentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of circadian clock genes in insect photoperiodism

Goto

2012

Entomological Science

116

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“…This is also seen in the diapausing pitcher plant mosquito, Wyomia smithii , in which Wstim expression changes consistently with latitude in North America (Mathias et al ., 2005). While linkage analysis may suggest that the Wstim locus is associated with photoperiodism, it has been argued that this is unlikely to involve the circadian clock directly (Bradshaw et al ., 2006; Mathias et al ., 2007).…”

Section: Clock Genes and Photoperiodismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long standing debate on whether clock genes can contribute to photoperiodic diapause in insects (Nunes & Saunders, 1999; Bradshaw et al ., 2006) has been further stoked by the findings that in D. melanogaster , a new tim natural variant, ls‐tim appears to be under natural selection because it enhances the level of diapause in the European seasonal environment (Tauber et al ., 2007). The molecular basis for this appears to be that the binding of the new TIM variant protein to CRY is attenuated, leading to a more stable, light insensitive TIM, that leads to a reduced light responsiveness for both circadian and photoperiodic phenotypes (Sandrelli et al ., 2007a).…”

Section: Clock Genes and Photoperiodismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of circadian clock genes in insects

Sandrelli

Costa

Kyriacou

et al. 2008

Insect Molecular Biology

123

111

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SummaryAfter a slow start, the comparative analysis of clock genes in insects has developed into a mature area of study in recent years. Brain transplant or surgical interventions in larger insects defined much of the early work in this area, before the cloning of clock genes became possible. We discuss the evolution of clock genes, their key sequence differences, and their likely modes of regulation in several different insect orders. We also present their expression patterns in the brain, focusing particularly on Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Orthoptera, the most common non-genetic model insects studied. We also highlight the adaptive involvement of clock molecules in other complex phenotypes which require biological timing, such as social behaviour, diapause and migration.

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“…, 2003), diapause (Wang et al. , 2004) and seasonal activity levels (Bradshaw et al. , 2003a,b, 2006; Collins et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive switch from infanticide to parental care: how do beetles time their behaviour?

Oldekop

Smiseth

Piggins

et al. 2007

J of Evolutionary Biology

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In species where parents may commit infanticide, temporal kin recognition can help ensure parents kill unrelated young but care for their own offspring. This is not true recognition, but rather depends on accurate timing of the arrival of young and a behavioural switch from killing to caring for offspring. Mistakes have clear fitness consequences; how do species that use temporal kin recognition ensure accurate timing? We manipulated photic cues and show that the switch from infanticide to parental care in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides depends on day‐length inputs. Extending the light period after carcass discovery influenced timing of both oviposition and the cessation of infanticide. Manipulation of the light : dark cycle after oviposition also influenced timing of the switch to parental care. The timing mechanism is therefore sensitive to photic cues and access to a carcass and is not triggered by oviposition. The behavioural switch is directly related to the timing mechanism rather than changes in reproductive physiology. Given the conserved nature and extensive homology of genetic influences on biological timing, we speculate that the molecular mechanisms regulating circadian behaviour may have been co‐opted to allow beetles to determine how much time has passed after carcass discovery even though this is over 50 h.

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Circadian Rhythmicity and Photoperiodism in the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito: Can the Seasonal Timer Evolve Independently of the Circadian Clock?

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Roles of circadian clock genes in insect photoperiodism

Roles of circadian clock genes in insect photoperiodism

Comparative analysis of circadian clock genes in insects

Adaptive switch from infanticide to parental care: how do beetles time their behaviour?

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