Circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and diet: Possible implications for health

Lotti, Sofia; Dinu, Monica; Colombini, Barbara; Amedei, Amedeo; Sofi, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.009

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Adverse metabolic consequences among shift workers were documented due to alterations to eating and sleeping behaviors [ 47 ]; nevertheless, social jetlag and eating jetlag could also contribute to negative cardiometabolic outcomes [ 47 ]. Moreover, it was proposed that desynchronized circadian rhythms were linked to changes in the gut microbat and that diet quality and meal timing play vital roles in the balance between circadian rhythms and the gut microbiota [ 65 ]. It was reported that mealtime is a stronger factor influencing the synchronization of the metabolism’s circadian rhythms [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Syndrome Is Associated with Dietary Patterns among Middle-Older Americans: The Health and Retirement Study

Aljahdali,

Shi

2024

Nutrients

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Population aging is a global demographic characteristic of the 21st century, and healthy eating is a core component of healthy aging. However, limited evidence is available among older adults for associations between diet quality and circadian syndrome (CircS). Thus, this study examined associations between dietary patterns and CircS among a representative sample of middle-older adults in the US. The sample comprised middle-older adults enrolled in the 2016 core wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and one of its sub-studies, the 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). A food frequency questionnaire was used to quantify habitual food intake and identify dietary patterns using a factor analysis. CircS was defined based on the existence of ≥4 components of metabolic syndrome and indicators of sleep disorders and depression. A total of 4253 middle-older adults with a mean age (SD) of 65.4 (10.0) years were included in the study. The prevalence of CircS was 35.9%. Comparing extreme quartiles of the “Prudent Pattern”, the odds ratio (95% CI) for CircS was 0.72 (0.55–0.94), and it was 1.47 (1.10–1.95) for the “Western Pattern”. The “Western Pattern” was positively associated while the “Prudent Pattern” was inversely associated with the odds of CircS among middle-older adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Syndrome Is Associated with Dietary Patterns among Middle-Older Americans: The Health and Retirement Study

Aljahdali,

Shi

2024

Nutrients

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“…Thus, chronobiological aspects seem to play an important role in these conditions. Nutrition, gut microbiota, and chronobiology are deeply interrelated [ 156 ]. Adequate mealtimes and a minimum of 12 h of night fasting help regulate circadian clocks [ 151 , 152 ] and, therefore, improve insomnia and fatigue.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Chronobiology as Key Components of Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Interventions for Fibromyalgia and Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Narrative and Critical Review

Carrasco-Querol,

Cabricano-Canga,

Bueno Hernández

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Fibromyalgia (FM) is often accompanied by chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It is a poorly understood disorder that mainly affects women and leads to chronic pain, fatigue, and insomnia, among other symptoms, which decrease quality of life. Due to the inefficiency of current pharmacological treatments, increasing interest is being directed towards non-pharmacological multicomponent therapies. However, nutrition and chronobiology are often overlooked when developing multicomponent therapies. This narrative and critical review explore the relevance of nutritional and chronobiological strategies in the therapeutic management of FM and the often-associated CFS. Reviewed literature offers scientific evidence for the association of dietary habits, nutrient levels, body composition, gut microbiota imbalance, chronobiological alterations, and their interrelation with the development and severity of symptoms. This review highlights the key role of nutrition and chronobiology as relevant and indispensable components in a multidisciplinary approach to FM and CFS.

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“…These disruptions to natural circadian rhythms can have negative consequences on our metabolic health, leading to an increased risk of inflammatory, cardiovascular, neurological, and malignant diseases ( Sobolewska-Włodarczyk et al, 2016 ). For bowel health, recent evidence has confirmed that circadian rhythms can influence the gut microbiota and microbial composition in terms of driving inflammation and hormonal responses ( Teixeira et al, 2020 ; Lotti et al, 2023 ). Population-based studies have also highlighted close relationships between circadian rhythms and bowel health, e.g., shift work appears to partly increase the risk of functional gastrointestinal disease ( Koh et al, 2014 ), peptic ulcer disease ( Knutsson and Bøggild, 2010 ), and reflux esophagitis ( Nam et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between circadian syndrome and chronic diarrhea: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2005–2010 data

Ding,

Duan,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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BackgroundCircadian rhythms are reported to influence physiological processes in the gastrointestinal system, but associations between circadian syndrome (Circs) and chronic diarrhea (CD) remain unclear. Here, we explored such relationships to provide new insights into CD management.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional retrospective analysis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data between 2005 and 2010. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on weighted data to explore associations between Circs and CD.ResultsResults were presented using forest plots, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data with p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. In total, 5,661 US participants, of which 412 had CD (weighted percentage = 6.20%), were enrolled. In univariate logistic regression analyses, participants with Circs had a significantly higher risk of CD (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.15–1.99). After adjusting for covariates, model 2 (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.03–1.90) and model 3 (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.01–2.00) data were consistent with model 1 data. Additionally, the number of Circs components was positively associated with CD in all three models. Subgroup analyses revealed an association between CD and Circs in participants who had high blood pressure (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.48–4.11, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn this cross-sectional study, we found that Circs is positively associated with the risk of CD in US adults, especially in those with high blood pressure. This association may provide new management strategies for CD.

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Circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and diet: Possible implications for health

Cited by 25 publications

References 100 publications

Circadian Syndrome Is Associated with Dietary Patterns among Middle-Older Americans: The Health and Retirement Study

Circadian Syndrome Is Associated with Dietary Patterns among Middle-Older Americans: The Health and Retirement Study

Nutrition and Chronobiology as Key Components of Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Interventions for Fibromyalgia and Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Narrative and Critical Review

Association between circadian syndrome and chronic diarrhea: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2005–2010 data

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