Circadian rhythms in catecholamines in organs of the golden hamster

Quantitative Cytological Analysis of Functional Changes in Adrenomedullary Chromaffin Cells in Normal, Sham‐Operated, and Pinealectomized Rats in Relation to Time‐of‐day: II. Nuclear‐Cytoplasmic Ratio, Nuclear Size, and Pars Granulosa of Nucleolus

“…More recently, participation of the adrenal medulla in the stress response of the pineal gland has been reported [Lynch et al, 19771. However, studies on the effects of the pineal gland on the adrenal medulla have been few [for review see Kachi, 19871. Daily rhythmic changes have been described in catecholamine constituents and related enzyme activities within the adrenal medulla [Scheving et al, 1968;Lew and Quay, 1973;Dunn and Lin, 1974;Banerji and Quay, 19761. However, it is generally appreciated that separate adrenaline-and noradrenaline-storing cells (A-cells and N-cells, respectively) can be identified by either light microscopy or electron microscopy in populations of adrenal chromaffin cells in the rat and other animals [for reviews see Grynszpan-Winograd, 1974;Bock, 1982;Coupland et al, 19841.…”

Quantitative Ultrastructural Analysis of Differences in Exocytosis Number in Adrenomedullary Adrenaline Cells of Golden Hamsters Related to Time of Day, Pinealectomy, and Intracellular Region

“…Circadian rhythmicity in the adrenal medulla has been described in several chemical constituents and other activities [Banerji and Quay, 1976;Dunn and Lin, 1974;Lew and Quay, 1973;Scheving et al, 19681. We have reported rhythmicity at the cellular level in the adrenal medulla of Holtzman strain rats, for example, in nerve ending ultrastructure and the nuclear and nucleolar diameters of chromaffin cells [Kachi, 1983;Kachi et al, 1979Kachi et al, , 1980aKachi et al, ,b, 1982Kachi et al, , 1984 Exocytosis, first described by Palade [ 19591 in exocrine pancreas, is known to be a general mechanism for extrusion of protein and represents a secretory releasing form in many types of exocrine, neuroendocrine, and endocrine cells.…”

Daily Rhythmic Changes in Synaptic Vesicle Contents of Nerve Endings on Adrenomedullary Adrenaline Cells, and Their Modification by Pinealectomy and Sham Operations

“…Experi mental data indicate that these fibers mediate modifications in catecholamine synthesis in, and release from, the adrenal chromaffin cells, although hormonal influences are notable here also [Saiake, 1954: von Eider, 1967Axelrod, 1971], DeRobertis and Ferreira [1957] dem onstrated significant changes in the number of synaptic vesicles in the splanchnic nerve endings on adrenal chromaffin cells after elec trical stimulation, suggesting a correlation be tween ultrastructural and functional changes in the nerve endings. No report has appeared concerning possible circadian or 24-h rhythmicity of the nerve activity or influence in the adrenal medulla, although such rhythmicity has been described in several chemical con stituents and other activities within the adrenal medulla [Scheving et a i, 1968;Lew and Quay, 1973;Dunn and Lin, 1974;Banerji and Quay, 1976]. In the present study we sought to deter mine whether circadian rhythmicity is demon strable ultrastructurally in the nerve endings on A-cells, the adrenaline-containing cells of the adrenal medulla and chromaffin cell series.…”