Circular economy and cybersecurity: Safeguarding information and resources in sustainable business models

Abstract

This study explores the critical intersection between circular economy (CE) practices and cybersecurity measures, aiming to uncover the strategic implications for stakeholders and propose directions for future research. Employing a systematic literature review methodology, the study analyzes peer-reviewed articles, reports, and case studies published between 2014 and 2024. The review focuses on identifying the mutual benefits and challenges of integrating cybersecurity within CE models, the role of standards, policies, and regulatory frameworks in facilitating this integration, and the evolving landscape of opportunities and strategic recommendations for businesses, policymakers, and technologists. Key insights reveal that cybersecurity is not only essential for protecting the digital infrastructure supporting CE practices but also serves as a strategic asset that enhances the resilience and sustainability of business models. The study identifies several challenges at the intersection, including the complexity of securing intricate supply chains and the need for robust data protection measures. Opportunities lie in leveraging digital technologies to foster innovative, sustainable business models and in developing comprehensive regulatory frameworks that support secure CE practices. Strategic recommendations emphasize the importance of a holistic approach to integrating cybersecurity, the development of supportive policies, and the advancement of secure technologies. Future research directions include the need for empirical studies on the effectiveness of cybersecurity measures in CE and interdisciplinary research bridging environmental science, cybersecurity, and business management. Keywords: Circular Economy, Cybersecurity, Sustainable Business Models, Systematic Literature Review