Circular economy conceptualization for lithium-ion batteries- material procurement and disposal process

Goyal, Megha; Singh, Kulwant; Bhatnagar, Nitu

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2023.119080

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…In response to global energy challenges, recent technological advancements have driven the widespread adoption of Li-ion batteries (LIBs). , The extended cycle life, reduced memory effect, lightweight design, exceptional stability, high energy density, and rechargeability of LIBs contribute to the escalating demand for the manufacturing and long-chain supply of these batteries rather than the conventional batteries like nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, and lead acid. , This surge in LIB demand has spurred the growth of electric vehicles, the proliferation of portable electronics, and the functionalization of electrical tools. , According to the statistical analysis of LIB lifecycles, 3 million metric tonnes of these batteries are anticipated to reach the end of their lifespan by 2030, thereby adding up the minerals present in LIBs as urban waste . Following these estimates, the focus has been directed toward mitigating the use of primary and secondary sources and deliberately adopting the circular economy concept for recovering and processing critical metals from spent batteries .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 , 4 This surge in LIB demand has spurred the growth of electric vehicles, the proliferation of portable electronics, and the functionalization of electrical tools. 5 , 6 According to the statistical analysis of LIB lifecycles, 3 million metric tonnes of these batteries are anticipated to reach the end of their lifespan by 2030, thereby adding up the minerals present in LIBs as urban waste. 7 Following these estimates, the focus has been directed toward mitigating the use of primary and secondary sources and deliberately adopting the circular economy concept for recovering and processing critical metals from spent batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic Approach for Selective Leaching and Separation of Strategic Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Sahu,

Agrawala,

Patra

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Recycling spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs) is paramount to pursuing resource efficiency and environmental sustainability. This study introduces a synergistic approach for selectively leaching and separating strategic metals from waste LIBs, representing a more efficient alternative to traditional single-acid-based leaching methods. The research also thoroughly analyzes diverse extraction parameters, aiming to achieve clean metal separation through synergistic concepts rather than single-phase extraction. The outcome of this study is developing a comprehensive downstream process, advancing the cause of sustainable waste management in the LIB industry. Under specific conditions with 0.6 mol/L total acid content (0.5 mol/L tartaric acid + 0.1 mol/L ascorbic acid), 99.9% cobalt and 100% lithium were effectively leached. The subsequent extraction process achieved a clean separation, with 48.3% of cobalt extracted using a mixture of 0.1 mol/L Alamine-336−Cyanex-272 (A-336−Cy-272) from the leach liquor with no coextraction of lithium, and this efficiency was improved to 67.3% by adjusting the pH from 2.44 to 7.5. However, it is worth noting that increasing the extractant concentration led to an antagonistic effect. To further enhance cobalt enrichment in the organic phase, the McCabe−Thiele plot method was recommended, employing saponified Cy-272. Moreover, the regeneration of saponified Cy-272 was investigated, and the stripped solution was processed with NaOH to form Co(OH) 2 , subsequently converting it into cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) through calcination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Approach for Selective Leaching and Separation of Strategic Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Sahu,

Agrawala,

Patra

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…In recent years, there has been a growing interest in creating circular value chains, emphasizing sustainability and the principles of the circular economy (CE) [3]. In a CE, every material is regarded as valuable, aiming to reduce excessive consumption, resource wastage, and production inefficiencies while emphasizing durability, reliability, and value enhancement [4]. CE can be realized through maintenance, durable design, repair, reuse, remanufacturing, refurbishment, and recycling [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a CE, every material is regarded as valuable, aiming to reduce excessive consumption, resource wastage, and production inefficiencies while emphasizing durability, reliability, and value enhancement [4]. CE can be realized through maintenance, durable design, repair, reuse, remanufacturing, refurbishment, and recycling [4,5]. The core principles of CE include eliminating waste and pollution through design, prolonging product and material lifetimes, and regenerating natural ecosystems [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CE can be realized through maintenance, durable design, repair, reuse, remanufacturing, refurbishment, and recycling [4,5]. The core principles of CE include eliminating waste and pollution through design, prolonging product and material lifetimes, and regenerating natural ecosystems [4]. Sustainability considerations play a pivotal role in shaping the value chain of lithium-ion batteries [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of Circular Value Chains and Digitalization: A Focus on Lithium-Ion Battery Material Value Chain

Rahnama,

Johansen,

Öhrwall Rönnbäck

2024

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

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Circular value chains, driven by sustainability goals and resource efficiency, are now central in industrial strategies. Simultaneously, digital technologies transform business models and accelerate the shift towards circular economies. This paper explores circular material flow for the electrification of the vehicle fleet, focusing on the Lithium-ion battery value chain. In the paper, a conceptual model integrating digitalization is developed and evaluated to enhance efficiency and product innovation. The paper reviews the lithium-ion battery value chain literature and investigates digitalization potentials for circular business models. A conceptual model is presented in this study to represent the intricate relationship between each stage of the value chain and the concept of circularity while considering the carbon footprint and complexities associated with the implementation of digitalization.

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Modeling and Optimizing the Drying Process of Electrode Manufacturing for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Chen,

Tao,

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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Drying the electrode is a crucial process in the manufacture of lithium‐ion batteries, which significantly affects the mechanical performance and cycle life of electrodes. High drying rate increases the battery production but reduces the uniformity of the binder in the electrode, which causes the detaching of the electrode from the collector. Herein, a physical model that couples solvent evaporation and binder diffusion is established to study the uneven enrichment of binder during the drying process. The results indicate that the drying process at the high solvent partial pressure and in a temperature‐drop situation ensures sufficient time for the diffusion of binder, which breaks the trade‐off between drying efficiency and electrode quality. Based on a comprehensive correlation analysis between process parameters and drying performance, an empirical equation is established to predict binder distribution. This work could offer insights into the formation and evolution of binder enrichment in electrodes and potentially provide guidelines for optimizing the drying processes of electrode.

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Circular economy conceptualization for lithium-ion batteries- material procurement and disposal process

Cited by 19 publications

References 94 publications

Synergistic Approach for Selective Leaching and Separation of Strategic Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Synergistic Approach for Selective Leaching and Separation of Strategic Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Integration of Circular Value Chains and Digitalization: A Focus on Lithium-Ion Battery Material Value Chain

Modeling and Optimizing the Drying Process of Electrode Manufacturing for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

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